可动心轨辙叉转换位移计算及设计优化  

Calculations for Transition Displacement and Design Optimization for Moveable Point Frog

作　　者：赵振华 王璞 高原 王树国 ZHAO Zhenhua;WANG Pu;GAO Yuan;WANG Shuguo(Railway Engineering Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报》2025年第2期356-363,461,共9页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFB2603400);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划重点课题(N2023G078)。

摘　　要：为减小可动心轨辙叉心轨/翼轨密贴区域不足位移、降低心轨牵引点转换力、提高辙叉直向平顺性,提出可动心轨辙叉的设计参数和关键部件优化设计方法.以18号可动心辙叉最小轮缘槽宽度为优化目标,基于既有结构尺寸和有限元方法建立心轨转换计算模型,并采用逐次逼近法优化心轨转换位移曲线的设计方法;在满足辙叉直、侧向不同形位公差条件下,提出第2牵引点动程为50.7 mm的优化设计方案和直向开通状态下辙叉关键部件的结构设计方法.研究表明:心轨计算转换位移与设计转换位移最大偏差为6.64 mm,位于弹性可弯中心;最小轮缘宽度计算值(90.7 mm)与实测平均值(90.9 mm)差异较小,满足车辆安全通过要求;第2牵引点动程较既有辙叉减小8.3 mm,减小了第2牵引点转换力.To reduce insufficient displacement in the contact area between the movable point frog’s point rail and wing rail,minimize transition force at the transition points of point rail,and improve the frog’s longitudinal smoothness,an optimization method for the design parameters and key components of movable point frogs was proposed.The minimum flangeway width of the No.18 movable point frog was selected as the optimization target.Based on the existing structural parameters and finite element method,a model for point rail transition calculation was established,and the method of successive approximation was used to optimize the design method of the transition displacement curve of the point rail.Under the different frog form and position tolerances for both straight/diverging lines,an optimized design was proposed with a second traction point stroke of 50.7 mm,along with the structural design scheme for key components of the frog in the straight-through state.The results show that the maximum deviation between calculated and designed point rail transition displacements is 6.64 mm,occurring at the elastic bending center.The computed minimum flangeway width(90.7 mm)closely matches the measured average value(90.9 mm),ensuring safe vehicle passage.Additionally,the second traction point stroke is reduced by 8.3 mm compared to existing frog designs,lowering the required transition force at the second traction point.

关 键 词：可动心轨辙叉 有限元方法 转换位移 计算 设计 

分 类 号：U213.6[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]