四川省乡村产业的演进历程、逻辑及发展走向——基于全国农村固定观察点H村和F村的田野调查  

The Evolution Process,Logic and Development Trend of Rural Industry in Sichuan Province Since the Reform and Opening-up:A Fieldwork-Based Research at the National Rural Fixed Observation Points of Villages H and F

作　　者：常洁[1] 张雯鑫 刘娟 夏小江[3] CHANG Jie;ZHANG WenXin;LIU Juan;XIA Xiaojiang(Agricultural Information and Rural Economy Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610066,Sichuan,China;Sichuan Agricultural and Rural Economic Research Center,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan,China;College of Geography and Planning,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院农业信息与农村经济研究所,四川成都610066 [2]四川省农业农村经济研究中心,四川成都610041 [3]成都理工大学地理与规划学院,四川成都610059

出　　处：《国土资源科技管理》2025年第2期86-96,共11页Scientific and Technological Management of Land and Resources

基　　金：四川省2023年度文化和旅游科研课题(2023YB27);四川省科技厅软科学计划项目(24RKX0067);国家社科基金项目(23XJY006);教育部人文社会科学项目(22YJC790039);四川省财政创新能力提升工程专项资金项目(2022ZZCX038)。

摘　　要：四川省是农业大省和人口大省,也是国家发展的战略腹地。研究乡村产业发展的演进历程和未来走向,对立足新时代四川全面推进乡村振兴具有重大意义。文章选取川中丘陵区的2个全国农村固定观察点为研究案例,采用“类型—结构—主体”理论框架和深度访谈法等,探讨乡村产业的演进历程、逻辑及主要走向。研究发现:(1)改革开放以来,四川省的乡村产业发展主要经历了以农为主、乡村工业的快速累积、农业产业化经营和农村产业融合发展4个时期;(2)从价值逻辑看,对乡村多重价值的认知和转向是乡村产业变迁的理论基础;(3)从动力逻辑看,城乡制度的变迁、市场关系的变化和乡村地区需求的释放决定了乡村产业类型、主体和结构的变化;(4)从组织逻辑看,乡村产业的主体类型和组织嵌合变化是乡村产业变迁的关键支撑。未来中长时期内,乡村文化和生态价值将进一步得到释放,农业生产仍将持续面临“人地业”多重矛盾和制约,围绕乡村新需求的城市现代服务业将进一步向乡村下沉,乡村产业的组织经营方式也将进一步走向分工合作化与新型集体化兼顾。Sichuan Province is a major agricultural province with a large population,serving as a strategic hinterland for national development.Discussing the evolution and trends of rural industries is of great significance for the comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization work in Sichuan Province.Taking 2 national rural fixed observation points in the central Sichuan hilly area as examples,this paper used the theoretical framework of“type-structure-subject”and in-depth interview method to discuss the evolutionary process,logic,and main trend of rural industries.The study shows that:(1)Since the reform and opening-up,the rural industry in Sichuan province has mainly experienced four periods:agriculture-oriented development,rapid accumulation of rural industry,agricultural industrialization management and integrated development of rural industry;(2)From the perspective of value logic,the cognition and transformation of rural multiple values is the theoretical basis of rural industrial change;(3)From the perspective of power logic,the change of institutional and market relations between urban and rural areas and the release of rural demand are the main driving forces for the development of rural industry;(4)From the perspective of organizational logic,the change of main body type and organizational coherence is the key support of rural industrial change.In the medium to long-term future,the cultural and ecological values of rural areas will be further released,and agricultural production will continue to face multiple contradictions and constraints between people,land and industry.Urban modern service industries that cater to new rural needs will further sink into rural areas,and the organizational and operating modes of rural industries will also further move towards a combination of specialization and cooperation as well as new collectivization.

关 键 词：乡村产业 历史变迁 城乡关系 四川省 

分 类 号：F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理]