TiB_(2)含量对TiB_(2)/石墨-铜复合材料微观组织和摩擦性能的影响  

Effect of TiB_(2)Content on Microstructure and Friction Properties of TiB_(2)/Graphite-copper Composites

作　　者：钟斌 王元龙 于正洋 李飞 丁春 ZHONG Bin;WANG Yuanlong;YU Zhengyang;LI Fei;DING Chun(School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学机械工程学院,西安710054

出　　处：《精密成形工程》2025年第4期183-191,共9页Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51705416)。

摘　　要：目的针对铜基石墨复合材料强度低、界面结合弱等问题,采用TiB_(2)陶瓷颗粒作为增强体以改善基体缺陷并提高复合材料的综合性能。方法以8%(质量分数)镀铜石墨粉、纯度99.99%电解铜粉和TiB_(2)陶瓷颗粒为原料,采用火花等离子烧结法(SPS)制备了TiB_(2)/铜-石墨复合材料。利用扫描电子显微镜、EDS能谱仪和摩擦磨损试验机对TiB_(2)/铜-石墨复合材料进行分析,系统研究了不同TiB_(2)含量对TiB_(2)/石墨-铜复合材料微观组织和摩擦性能的影响。结果TiB_(2)在铜-石墨复合材料基体中的分布相对均匀,与铜基体形成致密结合。随TiB_(2)含量的增加,复合材料的显微硬度持续增加,密度先增大后减小,电阻率先减小后增大。当TiB_(2)添加量为1.5%(质量分数)时,密度达到最大值8.02 g/cm^(3),电阻值达到最小值0.024μΩ·m。当TiB_(2)添加量为4.5%~6%(质量分数)时,TiB_(2)/铜-石墨复合材料耐磨性能显著提高,磨损率达到最低值1×10^(−6)mm^(3)/(N·m),与铜-石墨复合材料相比,降低了57%。结论TiB_(2)陶瓷颗粒可有效改善基体缺陷、提高复合材料的综合性能。通过微观形貌分析可知,复合材料的磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损,并伴随轻微剥层磨损和氧化磨损。The work aims to address the problems of low strength and weak interfacial bonding in copper-based graphite composites with TiB_(2)ceramic particles as reinforcement to deal with matrix defects and enhance the overall performance of the composites.TiB_(2)/copper-graphite composites were prepared by spark plasma sintering(SPS)with 8 wt.%copper-plated graphite powder,99.99%purity electrolytic copper powder and TiB_(2)ceramic particles as raw materials.The TiB_(2)/copper-graphite composites were analyzed by scanning electron microscope,EDS spectrometer and friction wear tester,and the effects of different TiB_(2)contents on the microstructure and friction properties of TiB_(2)/graphitecopper composites were systematically investigated.The distribution of TiB_(2)in the Cu-graphite composite matrix was relatively uniform,forming a dense bond with the Cu matrix.With the increase of TiB_(2)content,the microhardness of the composites continued to increase;The density first increased and then decreased,reaching a maximum value of 8.02 g/cm^(3)at 1.5wt.%TiB_(2)addition;The resistivity first decreased and then increased,reaching a minimum value of 0.024μΩ·m at 1.5wt.%TiB_(2)addition;At TiB_(2)addition of 4.5%-6%,the wear resistance of the TiB_(2)/copper-graphite composites was significantly improved,and the wear rate reached a minimum value of 1×10^(−6)mm^(3)/(N·m),which was 57%lower compared with that of Cu-graphite composites.TiB_(2)ceramic particles can effectively eliminate the matrix defects and improve the comprehensive performance of composites.Through the micro-morphological analysis,it can be seen that the wear mechanism of the composites is mainly abrasive wear,accompanied by a slight delamination wear and oxidative wear together with the mixed wear mechanism.

关 键 词：TiB_(2)颗粒 火花等离子烧结(SPS) TiB_(2)/铜-石墨复合材料 微观组织 摩擦性能 

分 类 号：TG304[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]