多糖EPS66A水剂研制及其对苹果花叶病的诱导抗性研究  

Development of EPS66A polysaccharide aqueous formulation and its induced resistance to apple mosaic disease

作　　者：赵娟 张蕾 白格格 骞天佑 韩立荣 Zhao Juan;Zhang Lei;Bai Gege;Qian Tianyou;Han Lirong(College of Forestry,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Weinan Dowinnova Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.Weinan 714000,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]渭南东旺农华生物科技有限公司,陕西渭南714000

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期50-59,共10页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32272594);陕西省技术创新引导专项(2024QCY-KXJ-097)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究长安链霉菌HL⁃66(Streptomyces changanensis.HL⁃66)发酵液中多糖提取物EPS66A对苹果花叶病的诱导抗性,可为开发植物免疫诱抗剂以防控病害提供科学依据。[方法]进行EPS66A水剂研制和质量评价,通过田间药效试验评价其对苹果花叶病的防治效果,并测定抗氧化酶活性等生理生化指标和分析抗病相关基因的表达水平。[结果]1%多糖EPS66A水剂的最优配方为:1%多糖EPS66A、5%AES、1%卡松、1%乙二醇、1%B⁃263消泡剂,补足水至100%。田间试验结果表明,1%多糖EPS66A水剂200倍稀释液对苹果花叶病毒病防治效果最好,药后15 d的防治效果为73.99%,叶片中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性与对照相比分别提高了47.07%、70.34%和50.92%;MDA含量为6.54μmol/g,比对照降低了25.07%。qRT⁃PCR结果显示,1%多糖EPS66A水剂200倍稀释液处理后0~45 d,苹果叶片的抗氧化酶基因(CAT、SOD和POD)、类黄酮代谢途径基因(PAL1和C4H)和病程相关蛋白基因(PR1、PR10a和PR10b)表达量均上调。[结论]研制的1%多糖EPS66A水剂可防治苹果花叶病毒,能够促进苹果抗病基因上调表达,显著提高抗氧化酶活性和降低MDA含量,增强了苹果植株的抗病性,是防治苹果花叶病较为理想的诱抗剂。[Objective]The purpose of the current research was to explore the induced resistance of polysaccharide extract EPS66A from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces changanensis HL-66 against apple mosaic disease and to provide a scien-tific basis for the development of plant immune inducers to control plant diseases.[Methods]The preparation and quality evalua-tion of EPS66A aqueous solution were conducted according to national standards.Field efficacy trials were conducted to assess its control effect on apple mosaic disease.Physiological and biochemical indicators,such as antioxidant enzyme activities,were measured,and the expression levels of disease resistance-related genes were analyzed.[Results]The optimal formulation of the 1%EPS66A polysaccharide aqueous solution was:1%EPS66A polysaccharide,5%AES,1%carboxymethyl cellulose,1%ethylene glycol,1%B-263 defoamer,and water added to 100%.Field trial results indicated that the 200-fold dilution of the 1%EPS66A polysaccharide aqueous solution had the best control effect on apple mosaic virus disease,with a control efficacy of 73.99%at 15 days post-treatment.The activities of SOD,POD,and CAT in the leaves increased by 47.07%,70.34%,and 50.92%,respectively,compared to the control.The MDA content was 8.58μmol/g,a 25.07%reduction compared to the control.qRT-PCR results showed that from 0 to 45 days after treatment with the 200-fold dilution of 1%EPS66A polysac-charide aqueous solution,the expression levels of antioxidant enzyme genes(CAT,SOD,and POD),flavonoid metabolic pathway genes(PAL1 and C4H),and pathogenesis-related protein genes(PR1,PR10a,and PR10b)in apple leaves were up-regulated.[Conclusion]The developed 1%EPS66A polysaccharide aqueous solution meets quality standards.It promoted the upregulation of disease resistance genes in apples,significantly enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities,reduced malondialde-hyde content,and enhanced the disease resistance of apple plants.It is an ideal inducer for controlling apple mosaic disease.

关 键 词：免疫诱抗剂 苹果花叶病 田间防效 抗氧化酶 差异表达 

分 类 号：S482.7[农业科学—农药学]