杜泊羊与藏羊杂交对后代生长、屠宰性能与肉品质的影响  

Effects of Cross Breeding between Dorper Sheep and Tibetan Sheep on Growth,Slaughter Performance and Mutton Quality of F_(1) Generation

作　　者：胡海 王国文 程潇 杨艳玲 徐尚荣 贾功雪[1,2] HU Hai;WANG Guowen;CHENG Xiao;YANG Yanling;XU Shangrong;JIA Gongxue(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai 810016;Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining,Qinghai 810001;Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016 [2]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海西宁810001 [3]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2025年第3期42-49,共8页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：青海省重大科技专项(2021-NK-A5);中国科学院青年创新促进会(2021432);青海省“昆仑英才”·高端创新创业人才。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究与杜泊羊杂交对藏羊生长、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响,以杜泊羊为父本、藏羊为母本进行杂交试验,测定杜泊羊与藏羊杂交F_(1)代(杜藏F_(1))与藏羊的体重与体尺指标。每组随机选择9只个体进行屠宰试验,并对肉品质指标进行检测。结果表明,杜藏F_(1)的体重、体长与胸围均极显著高于藏羊(P<0.001);宰前活重、胴体重、肉重、骨重、屠宰率、眼肌面积与背膘厚极显著高于藏羊(P<0.001),但肝脏、肺脏与肾脏系数显著降低(P<0.05)。除杜藏F_(1)背最长肌的剪切力低于藏羊(P=0.001)外,二者的肌肉物理特性差异不显著(P>0.05);杜藏F_(1)背最长肌的水分、粗蛋白和粗灰分含量均大幅下降,而粗脂肪含量明显高于藏羊(P<0.001);相比于藏羊,杜藏F_(1)背最长肌的钙、磷、钾、铁含量呈下降趋势,而锌、硒含量均有升高(P<0.05);杜藏F_(1)背最长肌的苏氨酸、缬氨酸、蛋氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、天冬氨酸、组氨酸占比显著升高,而色氨酸、谷氨酸、丝氨酸、酪氨酸占比明显降低(P<0.05);杜藏F_(1)背最长肌的饱和脂肪酸总量无显著差异,棕榈油酸和油酸两种主要单不饱和脂肪酸含量大幅升高,而各类多不饱和脂肪酸含量均显著下降(P<0.05)。试验表明,杜藏F_(1)的生长与屠宰性能均优于藏羊,肉品质指标也较为合理,杂种优势明显,是适合青海农牧交错区的理想杂交组合。The experiment aimed to study the effects of Dorper×Tibetan hybridization on the growth,slaughter performance and meat quality of the offspring.The study conducted hybridization experiments using Dorper sheep and Tibetan sheep as the paternal line and Tibetan sheep as the maternal line.The body weight and body measurement indicators of F 1 generation of Dorper-Tibetan sheep(Duzang F 1)were determined and compared to those of Tibetan sheep.In each group,9 individuals were randomly selected for slaughter experiment,and the indexes of meat quality were assessed.The results showed that the body weight,body length and chest circumference of Dorper×Tibetan F 1 were significantly higher than those of Tibetan sheep(P<0.001).Additionally,the pre-slaughter live weight,carcass weight,meat weight,bone weight,slaughter rate,eye muscle area and backfat thickness of Dorper×Tibetan F 1 were all significantly greater than those of Tibetan sheep(P<0.001),while the coefficients of the liver,lung and kidney were obviously lower(P<0.05).Except for the shear force of longissimus dorsi(P=0.001)in F 1 generation being lower than that of Tibetan sheep(P=0.001),there were no significant differences in the physical properties of the muscle between the two groups.The moisture,crude protein,and ash content of the longissimus dorsi in Dorper×Tibetan F_(1) decreased significantly,whereas the crude fat content was significantly higher than in Tibetan sheep(P<0.001).Compared to Tibetan sheep,the longissimus dorsi muscle of Duzang F_(1) showed a decreasing trend in calcium,phosphorus,potassium,and iron content,while zinc and selenium levels increased(P<0.05).The proportions of threonine,valine,methionine,isoleucine,leucine,aspartic acid,and histidine in the longissimus dorsi muscle of Duzang F_(1) were significantly higher,while the proportions of tryptophan,glutamic acid,serine,and tyrosine were significantly lower(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the total saturated fatty acid content in the longissimus dorsi muscle;however,

关 键 词：藏羊 杜泊羊 屠宰性能 肉品质 氨基酸 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S826.1[农业科学—畜牧学]