我国医院医疗服务效率区域差异及变化趋势研究--基于超效率SBM模型  

Research on regional differences and changing trends of medical service efficiency of Chinese hospitals-based on the SBM super-efficiency model

作　　者：周燕 许静怡[1] 李小燕 马慧芝 ZHOU Yan;XU Jingyi;LI Xiaoyan;MA Huizhi(School of Humanities and Management,Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan Ningxia 750004,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学人文与管理学院,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《卫生软科学》2025年第4期47-52,共6页Soft Science of Health

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金(2023AACO3233);基于供需耦合机制的“机构-社区-居家”融合式养老服务模式实证研究。

摘　　要：[目的]分析我国医院医疗服务效率的区域差异及变化趋势,为提高医院医疗服务效率、推动医院高质量发展提供参考。[方法]运用非期望产出超效率SBM模型测算2012-2021年我国各省份医院医疗服务效率值,采用Dagum基尼系数、核密度估计法和马尔科夫链模型对医院医疗服务效率的区域差异、动态演进及趋势预测进行分析。[结果]除2016年外,2012-2021年全国医院医疗服务效率均值均低于0.8,上海等省份历年效率值均大于1,海南等省份历年效率值均低于0.5,各省份间存在明显差异;总体差异变化具有波动性,从差异贡献率来看,超变密度贡献率均值最大(47.73%);全国及各地区绝对差异有所缩小但极化现象明显;我国医院医疗服务效率各水平间转移概率较低,具有稳定性。[结论]我国医院医疗服务效率有待提高,不同水平医疗服务效率具有稳定性。相关部门应持续优化医疗卫生资源空间布局,促进全国范围内跨区域资源流动,持续稳步提升我国医疗服务效率。Objective To analyze the regional differences and changing trends of medical service efficiency of Chinese hospitals,and to provide a reference for improving medical service efficiency of hospitals and promoting high-quality development of hospitals.Methods A slacks-based measure(SBM)of super efficiency with undesirable output was used to measure the medical service efficiency of hospitals in various provinces of China from 2012 to 2021,and the Dagum-Gini coefficient,kernel density estimation and Markov chain model were used to analyze the regional differences,dynamic evolution and trend forecasting of medical service efficiency of hospitals.Results Except for 2016,the average efficiency of hospital medical services in China was lower than 0.8 from 2012 to 2021.The efficiencies of Shanghai and other provinces were greater than 1 in each year,and the efficiencies of Hainan and other provinces were lower than 0.5 in each year.There were obvious differences among provinces,and the overall variation of differences was volatile.From the perspective of contribution rate of differences,the mean value of ultra high density contribution rate was the largest(47.73%).The absolute difference between the country and each region has narrowed,but the polarization was obvious.Medical service efficiency of hospitals had low probability to transfer between different levels and it was stable.Conclusions The medical service efficiency of Chinese hospitals needs to be improved,and the medical service efficiency of different levels is stable.Relevant departments should continue to optimize the spatial distribution of medical and health resources,promote the flow of cross-regional resources across the country,and continuously and steadily improve China s medical service efficiency.

关 键 词：医院 医疗服务效率 区域差异 变化趋势 超效率SBM模型 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]