不同种植密度与施肥量对多彩花生农艺性状及产量的影响  

Effects of Different Planting Densities and Fertilization Rates on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Colorful Peanuts

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作  者:任明刚 何大智 李春红 杨平 范金华 REN Minggang;HE Dazhi;LI Chunhong;YANG Ping;FAN Jinhua(Anshun Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Anshun Guizhou 561000)

机构地区:[1]安顺市农业科学院,贵州安顺561000

出  处:《现代农业科技》2025年第7期1-5,共5页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基  金:安顺市科技计划项目(安市科农[2020]01号,安市科农[2022]04号)。

摘  要:为探索多彩花生的最适种植密度和施肥量,集成配套高产高效栽培技术,以多彩花生新品系顺彩花1号为试验材料,种植密度和施肥量均设4个水平,共16个处理,比较分析了各处理多彩花生的植株性状、分枝性状、产量等差异。结果表明,适当增加种植密度和施肥量,有利于促进多彩花生营养生长,增加总分枝数和有效结果枝数,提高饱果率、饱仁率和出仁率,改善产量性状,提高产量。在种植密度为24.9万株/hm^(2),施肥量为495 kg/hm^(2)处理条件下,多彩花生的饱果率、饱仁率和出仁率分别为88.96%、94.13%和69.05%,有效结果枝数达5.5条,百果重达290.56 g,百仁重可以达69.05 g,荚果产量达到5.63 t/hm^(2),籽仁产量达3.89 t/hm^(2)。该处理是多彩花生新品系顺彩花1号高产高效种植的最适处理。In order to explore the optimal planting density and fertilization rate for colorful peanuts and to develop high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation techniques,the new colorful peanut line Shuncaihua 1 was used as the test material.Four levels of planting density and fertilization rate were set,resulting in a total of 16 treatments.The differences in plant traits,branching traits,and yield of colorful peanuts under each treatment were compared and analyzed.The results showed that appropriately increasing planting density and fertilization rate was beneficial to promoting the vegetative growth of colorful peanuts,increasing the total number of branches and effective fruiting branches,improving the full pod rate,full kernel rate,and kernel yield,enhancing yield traits,and increasing yield.Under the treatment with a planting density of 249000 plants/hm^(2)and a fertilization rate of 495 kg/hm^(2),the full pod rate,full kernel rate,and kernel yield rate of colorful peanuts were 88.96%,94.13%,and 69.05%,respectively.The number of effective fruiting branches reached 5.5,the weight of 100 pods reached 290.56 g,the weight of 100 kernels reached 69.05 g,the pod yield reached 5.63 t/hm^(2),and the kernel yield reached 3.89 t/hm².This treatment is the optimal condition for high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation of the new colorful peanut line Shuncaihua 1.

关 键 词:多彩花生 顺彩花1号 种植密度 施肥量 农艺性状 产量 

分 类 号:S565.2[农业科学—作物学]

 

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