碳青霉烯类耐药细菌的流行病学及耐药基因检测方法研究进展  

Research progress in epidemiology and detection methods for drug resistance genes of carbapenem-resistant bacteria

作　　者：孙韦地 王强[1] 谢龙旭 郭轶 路遥雅洁 魏茵茵 邵雪 贾梦涛 陈建军[1] SUN Weidi;WANG Qiang;XIE Longxu;GUO Yi;LU Yaoyajie;WEI Yinyin;SHAO Xue;JIA Mengtao;CHEN Jianjun(College of Life Sciences,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453000,Henan,China;Guangzhou Kaipu Biotechnology Company Limited,Guangzhou 510000,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学生命科学学院,河南新乡453000 [2]广州凯普生物科技股份有限公司,广东广州510000

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2025年第3期948-964,共17页Microbiology China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42277409);广州凯普生物科技股份有限公司企业合作研发项目(H2022054)。

摘　　要：抗生素在传染性疾病预防和治疗方面发挥着重要作用,但抗生素的滥用导致微生物在选择性压力作用下获得并维持耐药性。碳青霉烯类抗生素是一类用于治疗多重耐药菌感染的重要抗菌药物,曾被认为是治疗革兰氏阴性菌严重感染的最后一道防线。但随着碳青霉烯酶的出现,碳青霉烯类耐药革兰氏阴性菌的检出率在全球范围内迅速增长,严重威胁着全球的公共卫生安全。本综述重点介绍了碳青霉烯类耐药细菌的全球流行病学和临床相关耐药基因的检测方法,为合理使用抗生素、有效控制耐药性传播提供参考。Antibiotics serve a critical function in preventing and treating infectious diseases.However,their misuse has resulted in the development and persistence of resistance among microorganisms,driven by selective pressure.Carbapenems,vital antibacterial agents,were once considered the last resort for combating severe Gram-negative bacterial infections.Yet,the emergence of carbapenemases has led to a rapid rise in the detection rate of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria worldwide,posing a significant threat to global public health security.This review focuses on the global epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant bacteria and the detection methods of clinically relevant resistance genes,providing reference for the rational use of antibiotics and effective control of drug resistance transmission.

关 键 词：碳青霉烯酶 流行病学 耐药基因检测 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]