晚明时期亚里士多德心理学在中国的传播与误读——对非纯粹原则的澄清  

The Dissemination and Misreading of Aristotle’s Psychology in China During the Late Ming Dynasty:clarification on the Principle of Impurity

作　　者：赵奇 ZHAO Qi(Department of Philosophy,School of Marxism,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110169,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学马克思主义学院,沈阳110169

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2025年第2期112-118,143,共8页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目“亚里士多德灵魂理论研究——基于现象学的视角”(L21CZX002);国家留学基金委“挪威互换奖学金”(202306080017)。

摘　　要：随着晚明时期西学东渐的发展,以艾儒略与毕方济为代表的西方学者致力于向中国转译亚里士多德的心理学著作。晚明转译本从宏观的视角勾勒亚里士多德心理学的基本模式,但在灵身关系以及灵魂整体性上,却对亚里士多德心理学存在着关键误读。晚明转译本将灵魂与身体阐释为纯粹的实体,但对亚里士多德来说,灵魂与身体皆基于非纯粹原则。由于艾儒略和毕方济对非纯粹原则的否定,从而无法真正持有“营养-感觉-理性”的灵魂整体论。晚明转译本对亚里士多德心理学在中国的传播有重要意义,但两者之间具有纯粹性与非纯粹性的内在矛盾。在中西文明互鉴的视域之下,晚明学者相关理解及其不足具有重要的当代价值。With the development of Western learning spreading eastward during the late Ming Dynasty,Western scholars represented by Aleni and Sambiasi devoted themselves to translating Aristotle's psychological works to China.The late Ming paraphrasing translations outline the basic model of Aristotle's psychology from a macro perspective,but there are key misunderstandings of Aristotle's psychology in terms of the relationship of the soul-body and the holistic nature of the soul.The late Ming paraphrasing translations shed light on the soul and body as pure entities,but for Aristotle,both are based on the principle of impurity.Due to the negation of the impure principle by Aleni and Sambiasi,they are unable to truly hold a holistic view of the soul based on“nutrition-sensation-reason”.The late Ming paraphrasing translations are of great significance for the dissemination of Aristotle's psychology in China,but there is an inherent contradiction between purity and impurity between the two.In the context of mutual learning between Chinese and Western civilizations,the understanding and deficiencies of late Ming scholars hold significant contemporary value.

关 键 词：亚里士多德 心理学 转译本 灵魂 身体 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]