宋金榆次之战三题——关于双方兵力、战役时间、宋军失利原因的考证  

Three Topics on the Battle of Yuci between the Song and Jin Dynasties

作　　者：张兢兢 林凡淇 Zhang Jingjing;Lin Fanqi

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院人文学院

出　　处：《军事历史》2024年第6期16-25,M0003,共11页Military History

摘　　要：宋金榆次之战中,种师中部宋军出发时兵力在三万上下,前后累计或至四万。《金史》所谓金军兵力八千一说,不仅自相抵牾,也与金军包围宋军的战况不符,其实际人数不会比宋军少太多。对比宋金双方史料,可知宋军回军榆次的原因在于五月八、九日间断粮,金军同时宣布己方胜利,而种师中于十二日阵亡。《宋史·种师中传》认为宋军不战自溃的原因是神臂弓手索赏不得而导致军心涣散,但这是缝合诸多史源,意在强化种师中阵亡悲剧色彩的历史书写。宋军战败除了战术上的失利,也有缺粮和诸将内部矛盾的原因。This essay delves into several pivotal issues about the Battle of Yuci between the Song and Jin Dynasties in 1126,and presents the suggestions as follows.First,both sides committed equivalent strengths,each of around thirty to forty thousand troops;second,the inconsistent dating of the battle found in various historical records could be the key to solve the puzzles on the combat process;at last,the incident of the Shenbi(divine arms)crossbowmen not receiving their due rewards,which may have led to a dip in morale,was not the direct cause of the Song army's defeat.

关 键 词：种师中 靖康之变 宋金关系 太原之战 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学]