中国生产与分配制度逻辑的变迁及经验——兼论增长与共享协同的共同富裕  

The Evolution and Experience of the Logic of China's Production and Distribution System:Also on Common Prosperity Based on Growth and Shared Synergy

作　　者：张磊[1] 刘长庚[1] Zhang Lei;Liu Changgeng(Business School and Socialist Economic Theory Research Center,Xiangtan University)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学商学院、社会主义经济理论研究中心

出　　处：《政治经济学评论》2025年第1期86-107,共22页China Review of Political Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“在高质量发展中促进共同富裕的制度设计研究”(项目编号:23ZDA021);国家社会科学基金青年项目“中国消费现代化的理论逻辑、动态趋势及政策路径研究”(项目编号:24BJL004)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：生产和分配是人类社会的基本经济问题,现代社会解决生产和分配问题的方式或依据不外乎三种:市场逻辑、政府逻辑和社会逻辑,这三种制度逻辑内嵌于经济发展模式的演进过程,决定着生产和分配的过程和结果。回顾新中国75年来的经济发展历程可以发现,在站起来时代(1949—1978年)、富起来时代(1979—2012年)、强起来时代(2013年以来)三个阶段的经济制度变迁中,市场激励、政府调节、社会规范三元逻辑不断互动演进,并趋于融合。实践经验表明,市场或政府单一逻辑难以缓解效率和公平的矛盾,社会逻辑能够凝聚社会共识,在改革效果上较好地调和效率和公平的矛盾,进而持续提高人民生产参与的平等程度和发展成果的共享程度。新时期深化经济制度改革,要着力推动市场、政府、社会三元逻辑的融合和平衡,坚持发展性与人民性的有机统一,实现生产增长和分配公平相结合的高质量发展,促进共同富裕。Production and distribution are the basic economic problems of human society, and there are three ways or bases for modern society to solve the problems of production and distribution: market logic, government logic and social logic.These three institutional logics are embedded in the evolution of the economic development mode and determine the process and results of production and distribution.Looking back on the economic development of the People's Republic of China in the past 75 years, we can find that in the three stages of economic system changes in the standing up era(1949-1978), the rich era(1979-2012), and the strong era(since 2013), the ternary logics of market incentive, government regulation and social norms evolve interactively and tend to be integrated.Practical experience shows that the single logic of the market or of the government is difficult to ease the contradiction between efficiency and fairness, and the social logic can build social consensus and better reconcile the contradiction between efficiency and fairness in terms of reform effect, so as to continuously improve the equality degree of people's participation in production and the sharing degree of development achievements.The reform of China's economic system in the new era should further promote the integration and balance of the logics of market, government and society, adhere to the organic unity of top priority and affinity to the people, achieve high-quality development that combines production growth with equitable distribution, and promote common prosperity.

关 键 词：生产和分配 市场 政府 社会 经济制度 共同富裕 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济]