基于相变热管辅助散热的变压器自冷系统设计与分析  

Design and Analysis of a Phase-change Heat-pipe-assisted Air-natural Cooling System for Transformers

作　　者：朱高嘉 蔡定国 尚亚涛 李龙女 黄建华 ZHU Gaoja;CAI Dingguo;SHANG Yatao;LI Longnv;HUANG Jianhua(Pearl Electric Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 511400,China;School of Electrical Engineering Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]明珠电气股份有限公司,广东广州511400 [2]天津工业大学电气工程学院,天津300387

出　　处：《变压器》2025年第4期47-52,共6页Transformer

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52107007);教育部“春晖计划”国际合作科研项目(HZKY20220604)。

摘　　要：干式变压器是电力系统中的关键设备之一。由于空气传热效能较低,引起变压器绕组及环氧塑封上较大的温度梯度,长期运行中易造成塑封体开裂、威胁运行可靠性。本文作者针对一台干式变压器,通过在其高、低压绕组间铺设带绝缘管壁的相变热管,利用热管高导热特性,降低和均衡绕组温升。针对该相变热管辅助散热的变压器自然冷却系统,基于两相流和相变数值分析,得到相变热管的等效传热性能;在此基础上,计及空气参数温变引起的自然对流特性,计算变压器全域温度分布;分析热管宽度对变压器温度的影响敏感性,确定了适宜的热管尺寸参数。Dry-type transformers are currently one of the key components in power systems.However,as the heat dissipation characteristic of air is relatively low,large temperature gradients often exist in transformers'windings and epoxy packages,threatening the long-term working reliability as to the possible crackings of the packages.In this paper,a phase-change heat-pipe-assisted air-natural cooling system is proposed,which will be installed with heat pipes with insulated pipe walls between the high-voltage and low-voltage windings.First,the thermal conduction properties of the heat pipes are numerically investigated through a two-phase flow model.The equivalent thermal conduction coefficient of the heat pipes is then combined with the transformer's full-domain fluidic-thermal model,considering the natural flow caused by temperature-relevant characteristics of air.The heat pipes'sizes are determined by analyzing their influences on the rise in the transformer's temperature.

关 键 词：干式变压器 相变热管 两相流 

分 类 号：TM403.9[电气工程—电器]