桔梗中三萜皂苷类化学成分研究  

Chemical Constituents of Triterpene Saponins from Platycodon grandiflorum

作　　者：刘艳[1] 王宇瑄 刘培 潘娟[1] 管伟[1] 匡海学[1] 杨炳友[1] LIU Yan;WANG Yu-xuan;LIU Pei;PAN Juan;GUAN Wei;KUANG Hai-xue;YANG Bing-you(Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao Ministry of Education,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江中医药大学/教育部北药基础与应用研究重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《中药材》2024年第8期1957-1965,共9页Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials

基　　金：黑龙江省重点研发计划项目(GA21D008);黑龙江省“头雁”团队(〔2019〕5号);黑龙江省“双一流”学科协同创新成果建设项目(LJGXCG2022-096)。

摘　　要：目的:研究桔梗科桔梗属植物桔梗Platycodon grandiflorum(Jacq.)A.DC.根中的三萜皂苷类成分。方法:采用回流提取法,运用大孔树脂、硅胶等柱色谱以及制备型HPLC等对桔梗中的三萜皂苷类成分进行分离纯化,利用NMR、MS等对其进行结构鉴定。利用LPS诱导小鼠巨噬细胞(RAW264.7)建立的炎症模型,测定化合物的抗炎作用。结果:从桔梗75%乙醇提取物中分离得到19个三萜皂苷类成分,分别鉴定为:熊果酸(1)、白桦脂醛(2)、白桦脂醇(3)、28-O-laurylbetulin(4)、β-D-glucopyranosyl-2α,3β,23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oate(5)、3-O-β-Dglucuronopyranosyl methyl ester-28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(6)、羽扇豆醇(7)、platycodonoid B(8)、platyconic acid B lactone(9)、去芹糖桔梗皂苷D(10)、3″-O-acetylplatycodin-D(11)、3″-O-acetylplatycodin-D2(12)、去芹糖桔梗皂苷E(13)、桔梗皂苷E(14)、远志皂苷D(15)、3″-O-acetylpolygalacin-D(16)、远志皂苷D2(17)、3″-O-acetylpolygalacin-D2(18)、platycoside G3(19)。结论:其中,化合物1~6为首次从桔梗科植物中分离得到,化合物7为首次从该植物中分离得到。除化合物1、3外,其他化合物均表现出显著的抗炎活性。Objective:To study the triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum.Methods:The triterpenoid saponins of Platycodon grandiflorum were isolated and purified by reflux extraction,macroporous resin,silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC,the structures were identified by NMR and MS.The inflammatory model of mice macrophages(RAW264.7)induced by LPS was used to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of the compounds.Results:Nineteen triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the 75%ethanol extract of Platycodon grandiflorum and identified as ursolic acid(1),betulin aldehyde(2),betulin(3),28-O-laurylbetulin(4),β-D-glucopyranosyl-2α,3β,23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oate(5),3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl methyl ester-28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(6),lupeol(7),platycodonoid B(8),platyconic acid B lactone(9),deapio-platycodin D(10),3″-O-acetylplatycodin-D(11),3″-O-acetylplatycodin-D2(12),deapio-platycoside E(13),platycodin E(14),polygalacin D(15),3″-O-acetylpolygalacin-D(16),polygalacin D2(17),3″-O-acetylpolygalacin-D2(18),platycoside G3(19),respectively.Conclusion:Among them,compounds 1 to 6 are isolated from Platycodonaceae for the first time,compound 7 is isolated from Platycodon grandiflorum for the first time.Except for compounds 1 and 3,other compounds show significant anti-inflammatory activities.

关 键 词：桔梗 三萜皂苷 化学成分 抗炎活性 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]