社会孤立、社区养老服务与老年人认知功能间的关系研究  

Research on the relationship between social isolation,community elderly care service and cognitive function of the elderly

作　　者：田宇琪 马瑞新 陈松 马国芳 TIAN Yuqi;MA Ruixin;CHEN Song;MA Guofang(School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830000,Xinjiang,China;School of Health Management,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆医科大学健康管理学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《中国现代医生》2025年第10期34-37,共4页China Modern Doctor

摘　　要：目的探讨社区养老服务在社会孤立对老年人认知功能影响中的中介效应。方法基于2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据,以简易精神状态检查量表(mini mental status examination,MMSE)评估老年人的认知功能情况,采用多因素Logistic回归分析个体特征及社会孤立情况对老年人认知功能的影响,通过中介效应分析社会孤立、社区养老服务与认知功能三者之间的关联。结果共纳入6615例老年人,其中2906例(43.93%)存在认知障碍。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示社会孤立、年龄、性别、受教育程度、居住地、婚姻状况、日常生活活动能力、吸烟、睡眠时长、孤独感、社区养老服务、社交、与子女联系<1次/周均是老年人发生认知障碍的影响因素(P<0.05)。社区养老服务在社会孤立对老年人认知功能的影响中存在部分中介效应。结论社会孤立是老年人发生认知障碍的危险因素,社区养老服务是老年人认知障碍的保护因素。应提高社区养老服务支持的覆盖率与使用率,改善老年人社会孤立状况,保护老年人认知功能。Objective To explore the mediating effect of community elderly care service on the influence of social isolation on cognitive function of the elderly.Methods Based on the data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2018,mini mental status examination(MMSE)was used to assess the cognitive function of the elderly.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influence of individual characteristics and social isolation on cognitive function of the elderly,and the correlation among social isolation,community elderly care service and cognitive function was analyzed through mediating effect.Results A total of 6615 elderly individuals were included,among whom 2906 cases(43.93%)had cognitive impairment.The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that social isolation,age,gender,educational level,place of residence,marital status,activities of daily living ability,smoking,sleep duration,loneliness,community elderly care service,social interaction,and less than one contact with children per week were all influencing factors for the occurrence of cognitive impairment in the elderly(P<0.05).Community elderly care service exerted a partial mediating effect in the impact of social isolation on the cognitive function of the elderly.Conclusion Social isolation is a risk factor for cognitive impairment in the elderly,and community elderly care service is a protective factor for cognitive impairment in the elderly.It is necessary to improve the coverage and utilization rate of community elderly care service support,improve the social isolation of the elderly,and protect the cognitive function of the elderly.

关 键 词：老年人 社会孤立 认知功能 社区养老服务 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]