中国农业现代化的内在逻辑、现实困境与突破路径  

The Internal Logic,Realistic Dilemma and Breakthrough Paths of China s Agricultural Modernization

作　　者：王文龙 WANG Wenlong(Business School,Shaoxing University,Shaoxing 312000,China)

机构地区：[1]绍兴文理学院商学院,浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《云南财经大学学报》2025年第4期85-97,共13页Journal of Yunnan University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“城市生产要素下乡带动乡村振兴的实现机制与模式研究”(18BJY115)。

摘　　要：初始发展条件与发展阶段不同导致中国农业现代化发展目标与发达国家之间存在较大差异,必须兼顾粮食安全、农民就业与农民增收三重发展目标,因此中国农业现代化既不能盲目模仿欧美大规模资本密集型农业发展模式,也不能简单借鉴东亚综合农协主导的小规模劳动密集型农业发展模式,只能走具有中国特色的农业现代化道路。但中国农业现代化三重发展目标之间存在内在冲突难以兼顾,导致农业发展政策经常顾此失彼,城乡二元结构进一步发展为三元结构,并面临老人农业困扰,使中国农业现代化难度增大。只有继续兼顾中国农业现代化的普遍性与特殊性,深刻理解中国农业现代化的内在发展逻辑,不断强化工业化、城市化引擎,缩小城乡差距,巩固农民城市化成果,加快新型农业经营主体培育,才能逐步化解城乡三元结构,缓解老人农业危机,夯实国家粮食安全基础,实现城乡一体化发展目标。Different initial development conditions and stages lead to big differences between China s agricultural modernization development goals and those of developed countries.It is necessary to take into account the three development goals of food security,farmers employment and farmers income increase.Therefore,China s agricultural modernization can neither blindly imitate the large-scale capital-intensive agricultural development model of Europe and the United States,nor can we blindly learn from the small-scale labor-intensive agricultural development model led by the East Asia Comprehensive Agricultural Association.We can only take the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics.However,there are inherent conflicts between the three development goals of China s agricultural modernization,which is difficult to balance,resulting in agricultural development policies often pay attention to one and lose the other,and the dual structure of urban and rural areas is further developed into a three-way structure.Aging farmers in agriculture brings more problems,making it more difficult to modernize China s agriculture.Only by taking into account the universality and particularity of China s agricultural modernization continuously,deeply understanding the internal development logic of China s agricultural modernization,continuously strengthening the engine of industrialization and urbanization,narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas,consolidating the achievements of the urbanization of farmers,and accelerating the cultivation of new agricultural operators,can we gradually resolve the three-way structure of urban and rural areas,alleviate the crisis of aging farmers in agriculture,and consolidate the foundation of national food security so as to achieve the goal of integrated development of urban and rural areas.

关 键 词：农业现代化 内在逻辑 现实困境 突破路径 

分 类 号：F320[经济管理—产业经济]