2022—2023年丽水市儿童诺如病毒感染的临床特征和流行特征分析  

Analysis of Clinical and Epidemic Characteristics of Norovirus Infection in Children in Lishui from 2022 to 2023

作　　者：戴木根[1] 徐燕[1] 何飞云 DAI Mugen;XU Yan;HE Feiyun(Department of Gastroenterology,Lishui Central Hospital,Lishui 323000,Zhejiang;Department of Gastroenterology,Lishui Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Lishui 323000,Zhejiang)

机构地区：[1]丽水市中心医院消化内科,浙江丽水323000 [2]丽水市中医院消化内科,浙江丽水323000

出　　处：《丽水学院学报》2025年第2期63-69,共7页Journal of Lishui University

基　　金：浙江省卫生健康科技计划项目“基于病原谱的区域特征性腹泻菌群数据库的构建及其临床应用研究”(2022KY451);浙江省卫生健康科技计划项目“辅助电子胃镜及胃镜下治疗新型防滑脱咬口垫的研发”(2022PY032);丽水市公益性技术应用研究项目“基于医院就诊流感样病例中肠道病毒数据库的构建及其临床应用研究”(2023SJZC087)。

摘　　要：诺如病毒(Norovirus,NoV)已成为导致儿童和成人急性胃肠炎中非细菌性感染的首要病原菌,极易通过粪口路径传播,或者通过触摸受污染的物品、水体或食物而间接引起人际的传染。本文回顾性分析了2022年1月到2023年12月期间在丽水市中心医院儿科就诊的诺如病毒感染患者844例,并采用RT-PCR法检测诺如病毒RNA。结果提示:2022—2023年丽水市诺如病毒检测记录的阳性患儿通常有发热、咳嗽、喉咙痛、恶心、呕吐和腹泻等症状,尤其以呕吐为首发症状,体温>39℃以上较为少见,且发热持续时间短暂。对患儿进行血液检测显示,白细胞计数,尤其是中性粒细胞绝对值明显增加。考虑到这些特点,医生应重视患儿这类症状,并结合区域性的季节性流行特点,进一步完善相关检查,以利于在不同流行季节进行有效防控。Norovirus(NoV)has become the primary non-bacterial pathogen causing acute gastroenteritis in both children and adults. It spreads extremely easily through the fecal-oral route or indirectly causes interpersonaltransmission through contact with contaminated items,water bodies,or food. This article retrospectivelyanalyzed 844 cases of NoV-infected patients who received treatment at the pediatric department of LishuiCentral Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 and conducted RT-PCR test for NoV RNA. The resultsindicate that positive pediatric patients with NoV recorded in Lishui from 2022 to 2023 usually present symptomssuch as fever,cough,sore throat,nausea,vomiting,and diarrhea,with vomiting often being the initialsymptom. Body temperature above 39 ℃ is relatively rare,and the duration of fever is short. Blood tests ofpediatric patients show a significant increase in white blood cell count,especially neutrophils. Considering thesecharacteristics,doctors should pay more attention to these symptoms in pediatric patients and further improverelevant examinations in combination with regional seasonal epidemic characteristics so as to implement effectiveprevention and treatment in different epidemic seasons.

关 键 词：诺如病毒 儿童 临床特征 流行特征 发热 呕吐 腹泻 

分 类 号：R725.7[医药卫生—儿科]