英国公众科学实施路径及其启示  

Implementation Path of Citizen Science in UK and Its Implications

作　　者：盛小平 何怡美 王传清[2,3] Sheng Xiaoping;He Yimei;Wang Chuanqing(School of Cultural Heritage and Information Management Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444;National Science Library,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190;Key Laboratory of Rich-media Knowledge Organization and Service of Digital Publishing Content,Beijing 100038)

机构地区：[1]上海大学文化遗产与信息管理学院,上海200444 [2]中国科学院文献情报中心,北京100190 [3]富媒体数字出版内容组织与知识服务重点实验室,北京100038

出　　处：《图书情报工作》2025年第7期116-125,共10页Library and Information Service

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“数字时代的开放科学政策、实施路径与评价研究”(项目编号:22ATQ005)研究成果之一。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]系统梳理英国公众科学实践与实施路径,为我国推进公众科学实践提供借鉴与参考。[方法/过程]主要采用网络调查法,通过检索英国政府、科研机构、科研资助机构与公众科学组织等官网,系统梳理英国公众科学发展脉络,从英国公众科学政策文件、基础设施、项目和评估方式4个方面阐述开放科学时代英国公众科学实践现状,归纳英国公众科学实施路径及其对我国的启示。[结果/结论]英国公众科学事业发展处于世界领先的地位,形成由制定公众科学政策、筹划公众科学项目、实施公众科学项目、开展公众科学评估反馈构成的螺旋上升的公众科学实施路径。我国可以借鉴英国公众科学实践的成功经验,通过加强公众科学顶层设计、充分发挥利益相关者在公众科学中的作用、加强公众科学评估反馈、推动公众科学的职业化发展等方面促进我国公众科学发展。[Purpose/Significance]This paper systematically reviews the practice and implementation path of citizen science in the UK,and provides reference for promoting citizen science practice in China.[Method/Process]Through searching the official websites of the British government,research institutions,research funding institutions and citizen science organizations,this paper comprehensively expounded the present situation of citizen science practice in the UK from four aspects:citizen science policy documents,infrastructures,projects and evaluation methods,and summarized the implementation path of citizen science in the UK and its enlightenment to China.[Result/Conclusion]The development of citizen science in the UK is a world leader,forming a spiraling path of citizen science implementation including making citizen science policy planning,planning citizen science projects,implementing citizen science projects,and carrying out citizen science evaluation and feedback.China can learn from the successful experience of UK citizen science,strengthen the top-level design of citizen science,give full play to the role of citizen science stakeholders,strengthen the evaluation and feedback of citizen science,and promote the professional development of citizen science.

关 键 词：公众科学 公众参与 开放科学 实施路径 英国 

分 类 号：G325.61[文化科学]