电弧增材制造高强钢80Ni显微组织和性能演变规律  

Microstructure and Property Evolution of 80Ni High-strength Steel for Arc Additive Manufacturing

作　　者：张帅 池强 王俊[2] 江涛[1] ZHANG Shuai;CHI Qiang;WANG Jun;JIANG Tao(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi′an Shiyou University,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710065,China;State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Equipment,CNPC Tubular Goods Research Institute,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710077,China)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学材料科学与工程学院,陕西西安710065 [2]中国石油集团工程材料研究院有限公司,油气钻采输送装备全国重点实验室,陕西西安710077

出　　处：《石油管材与仪器》2025年第2期21-28,共8页Petroleum Tubular Goods & Instruments

基　　金：中国石油天然气集团有限公司基础性前瞻性科技专项“石油工程基础材料、基础元器件研究”(编号:2023ZZ11)。

摘　　要：电弧增材制造具有高沉积效率、高材料利用率、成本低的特点,为高端油气装备大型金属构件的制造提供了新的途径。本文采用CMT(Cold Metal Transfer)增材工艺制备了80Ni高强钢试样,研究了增材制造过程中低碳高强钢材料的微观组织和力学性能演变规律。结果表明,增材制造80Ni高强钢显微硬度与局部区域的显微组织有密切关系。整个增材制造试样主要由焊道内部的柱状晶区域和焊道间的等轴晶区域组成。在试样顶部和边缘区域,快速冷却形成的贝氏体和少量马氏体导致硬度较高,而试样中心区域多次加热形成的多边形铁素体和珠光体导致硬度降低。同时,增材制造试样的拉伸性能也呈现各向异性,沿扫描方向和搭接方向材料的抗拉强度和屈服强度均高于增材方向。这些发现为CMT增材制造工艺优化和增材构件的力学性能调控提供了参考。Arc additive manufacturing has characteristics of high deposition rate,cost-effectiveness,and low cost,providing a new approach for the manufacture of large metal components in oil and gas equipment.CMT(Cold Metal Transfer)additive manufacture technology was used to prepare 80Ni high-strength steel samples,and the microstructure and mechanical property evolution of low-carbon high-strength steel material in the additive manufacturing process was studied.Results indicate that the microhardness of 80Ni high-strength steel produced by additive manufacturing is closely related to the microstructure.The additive manufacturing sample is mainly composed of columnar crystal region inside the weld bead and equiaxed crystal region between the weld beads.At the top and edge areas of the sample,hardness is higher due to the formation of bainite and a small amount of martensite phase by rapid cooling,while the hardness decreases in the central area of the sample due to the polygonal ferrite and pearlite structure formed by multiple heating cycles.At the same time,the tensile properties of the additive manufacturing samples also exhibit anisotropy,with the tensile strength and yield strength of the material along the scanning and overlapping directions being higher than those in the additive direction.These findings provide reference for optimizing CMT additive manufacturing processes and regulating the mechanical properties of additive components.

关 键 词：电弧增材制造 高强钢 显微组织 显微硬度 

分 类 号：TG40[金属学及工艺—焊接]