秘鲁印加和藏族结绳文字结构比较  

Comparison of the structures of Inca Khipu writing and Tibetan Quipu writing

作　　者：拉毛杰 吉太加 Lha-mo-skyabs;Lcags-thar-rgyal

机构地区：[1]西藏大学文学院 [2]青海师范大学

出　　处：《攀登(藏文版)》2025年第1期31-41,共11页RTSER SNYEG

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“藏文语法文献典籍分类及其语法思想发展研究”(20BYY198)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：结绳文字是秘鲁印加文明的重要交际和记录工具,同样也是中国藏族苯教巫师传递信息、进行占卜及留存记事的主要方式。运用比较文字学的方法,对印加和藏族结绳文字的结构进行系统比较,发现二者总体结构均由不同组件和元素构成,各组件有特定含义。印加结绳文字由主绳、垂绳、附绳、顶绳、端头绳、尾结等部分以及结绳的不同颜色共同构成,结绳由一条主绳和多根垂绳组成,垂绳系在主绳上,双色或多色搓捻及合股的编织方式形成了其独特的结构。藏族结绳文字是由长短基本相同的六根绳子打结形成的一种结绳表意方法,具有明显的“文字”特征,它用六根绳子打成各种形状的“结子”来传递包括人们衣食住行在内的各种信息,成为古老的有声语言的辅助手段。The knot-tying script was an important means of communication and record for the Inca Empire in Peru,and also the main way for Tibetan Bon sorcerers to convey information,conduct divination and keep records.Through a systematic comparison of the structures of the knot-tying scripts in Peru's Inca and among Tibetans,it is found that both generally consist of different components and elements,and each component has a specific meaning.The Inca knot-tying script is composed of parts such as the main rope,hanging ropes,attached ropes,top ropes,end ropes,tail knots and the different colors of the ropes,which together form a knot-tying device.The knot-tying script is made up of a main rope and multiple hanging ropes,with the hanging ropes tied to the main rope,and its unique structure is formed by the braiding method of two-color or multi-color twisting and plaiting.The Tibetan knot-tying script is a way of expressing meaning by tying knots with six ropes of basically the same length.It has obvious"script"features.It uses six ropes to tie"knots"in various shapes according to strict methods to convey all kinds of information including people's basic necessities of life,and has become an auxiliary means of the ancient spoken language.

关 键 词：印加结绳文字 藏族结绳文字 结构 比较文字学 

分 类 号：H024[语言文字—语言学]