熔融接枝聚丙烯薄膜的接枝工艺与高温储能特性  

Grafting technology and high temperature energy storage characteristics of polypropylene film by melt grafting

作　　者：李君洛 孟礼 刘雨杭 罗兵 徐永生 肖微 何金良[1] 李琦[1] LI Junluo;MENG Li;LIU Yuhang;LUO Bing;XU Yongsheng;XIAO Wei;HE Jinliang;LI Qi(State Key Laboratory of Power System and Generation Equipment,Department of Electrical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;National Engineering Research Center of UHV Technology and New Electrical Equipment,Guangzhou 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学电力系统及大型发电设备安全控制和仿真国家重点实验室,北京100084 [2]特高压电力技术与新型电工装备基础国家工程研究中心,广东广州510080

出　　处：《绝缘材料》2025年第4期1-8,共8页Insulating Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划重点支持项目(92166203)。

摘　　要：针对聚丙烯(PP)电容器薄膜在高温高电场下储能特性大幅降低的问题,在分子层面对聚丙烯进行熔融接枝马来酸酐(MAH)改性,并研究熔融接枝的单体含量、引发剂质量分数、反应温度对薄膜样品高温储能特性的影响规律,制备具有优异高温储能特性的马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)双向拉伸电容器薄膜,并对其结构与性能进行表征和测试。结果表明:随着单体含量增加、引发剂质量分数和反应温度升高,接枝样品的充放电效率均大致呈现先增加后降低的趋势。接枝改性促使PP内部晶核增多,球晶尺寸减小,有效增大了薄膜陷阱深度和陷阱密度,降低了载流子迁移率,提升了其在高温下的电气强度和储能特性。Aiming at the problem that the energy storage characteristics of polypropylene(PP)capacitor films reduce greatly under high temperature and high electric field,the polypropylene was modified by melt grafting with maleic anhydride(MAH)at the molecular level,and the effects of grafting monomer content,initiator mass fraction,and reaction temperature on the high-temperature energy storage characteristics of the films were investigated.Then a maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene(PP-g-MAH)biaxially oriented capacitor film with superior high-temperature energy storage characteristics was prepared,and its structure and performances were characterized and tested.The results show that with the increase of monomer content,initiator mass fraction,and reaction temperature,the charge and discharge efficiency of the grafted sample increases at first and then decreases.The graft modification promotes the increase of crystal nuclei and the reduce of spherulite size in PP,which increases the trap depth and trap density of the film effectively,reduces the carrier mobility,and enhances the electric strength and energy storage characteristics at high temperature.

关 键 词：马来酸酐 双向拉伸聚丙烯 熔融接枝 高温储能 

分 类 号：TM215[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]