水下干扰抑制的稳健宽带自适应波束形成算法  

Robust broadband adaptive beamforming algorithm for underwater interference suppression

作　　者：杨强 杨伟 乔路 赵金虎 YANG Qiang;YANG Wei;QIAO Lu;ZHAO Jinhu(Aerospace Technology Institute,China Aerodynamic Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China;College of Marine Science and Technology,Northwestern Polytechnic University,Xi’an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所,四川绵阳621000 [2]西北工业大学航海学院,西安710072

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2025年第7期54-60,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

摘　　要：针对水下平台协同探测时如何抑制直达波干扰和其他平台辐射噪声干扰的问题,提出了一种水下干扰抑制的稳健宽带自适应波束形成算法,在空间响应变化约束(spatial response variation,SRV)、期望导向向量失配误差边界约束以及阵列响应零陷扩展约束条件下,建立宽带自适应波束形成优化模型,并求解波束形成权向量。该算法首先在时域宽带自适应波束形成模型中引入空间响应变化约束来保证宽带恒定束宽波束形成;然后引入最差情况性能最优(worst-case performance optimal,WCPO)的期望导向向量误差边界约束来设计宽带稳健自适应波束形成器,克服阵列导向向量误差对波束形成性能的影响;最后针对协同探测系统中存在的干扰源角度变化问题,从宽带自适应波束形成器协方差矩阵的定义形式出发,推导出一种空时域锥化矩阵来处理协方差矩阵,可扩展阵列响应的零陷宽度。对宽带直达波干扰和其他平台辐射噪声干扰的仿真试验表明:该研究在实现恒定束宽波束形成的同时,具有较好的抗干扰性、稳健性和零陷宽度扩展性。Here,aiming at the problem of how to suppress direct wave interference and other platform radiated noise interference during collaborative detection of underwater platforms,a robust broadband adaptive beamforming algorithm for underwater interference suppression was proposed.Under constraints of spatial response variation(SRV),expected steering vector mismatch error boundary and array response null expansion,the algorithm could establish a broadband adaptive beamforming optimization model,and solve the beamforming weight vector.Firstly,this algorithm introduced SRV constraint into the time domain broadband adaptive beamforming model to ensure broadband constant beamwidth beamforming.Then,the worst-case performance optimal(WCPO)expected steering vector error boundary constraint was introduced to design a broadband robust adaptive beamformer,and overcome effects of array steering vector error on beamforming performance.Finally,aiming at the problem of angle variation of interference sources in collaborative detection system,starting from the definition form of covariance matrix of broadband adaptive beamformer,a spatial-temporal conical matrix was derived to handle the covariance matrix,and expand null width of array response.Simulation tests for broadband direct wave interference and other platform radiated noise interference showed that the proposed algorithm can have better anti-interference performance,robustness and null width scalability while realizing constant beamwidth beamforming.

关 键 词：自适应波束形成 恒定束宽 稳健性 零陷扩展 

分 类 号：TB566[交通运输工程—水声工程] TP274[理学—物理]