发电机转子爪极表面形状对电机电磁振动噪声影响及优化策略研究  

Effects of surface shape of generator rotor claw pole on electromagnetic vibration and noise of motor and optimization strategy

作　　者：李志波 贺西平[1] 张国锋 LI Zhibo;HE Xiping;ZHANG Guofeng(College of Physics and Information Technology,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China;College of Physics and Electronic Engineering,Hainan Normal University,Haikou 571158,China;Chongqing IAT New Energy Power Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 402660,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学物理学与信息技术学院,西安710119 [2]海南师范大学物理与电子工程学院,海口571158 [3]重庆阿尔特新能源动力设备有限公司,重庆402660

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2025年第7期68-75,共8页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金(520MS044);国家自然科学基金(12174241)。

摘　　要：为研究爪极式发电机转子爪极对电机电磁振动和噪声的影响,建立了爪极式发电机电磁力的解析模型,分析了电磁力的频率特征。在电磁力解析模型的基础上,提出了一种计算转子爪极表面截线与电磁力关系的方法,分析了前者对后者的影响。设计了削弱电磁力的爪极优化方案,通过消除转子爪极表面3阶次成分,削弱36阶电磁力。仿真计算了优化前后的转子爪极对电磁振动、噪声的影响。结果表明,采用优化后转子爪极的电机,定子表面电磁振动36阶次加速度值降低了53%。电机电磁噪声36阶次声功率降低了13.0 dB,电机电磁噪声总声功率降低了2.6 dB。研制了样机,测试结果与计算结果相吻合。本文的工作可为控制电机电磁噪声提供参考。Here,to study effects of rotor claw pole of claw pole generator on electromagnetic vibration and noise,the analytical model of electromagnetic force of claw pole generator was established to analyze frequency characteristics of electromagnetic force.Based on the electromagnetic force analytical model,a method to calculate relation between surface intercept line of rotor claw pole and electromagnetic force was proposed to analyze effects of the former on the latter.A claw pole optimization scheme was designed to weaken electromagnetic force,the 3rd order component of rotor claw pole surface was eliminated to weaken the 36th order electromagnetic force.Effects of rotor claw pole on electromagnetic vibration and noise before and after optimization were calculated simulatively.The results showed that using the optimized rotor claw pole motor reduces the 36th order acceleration value of electromagnetic vibration on stator surface by 53%;the 36th order infrasound power of motor electromagnetic noise decreases by 13 dB,and the total sound power of motor electromagnetic noise decreases by 2.6 dB;a prototype is developed,and testing results are consistent with the calculated results;this study can provide a reference for controlling motor electromagnetic noise.

关 键 词：爪极式发电机 电磁力 电磁振动噪声 转子爪极 仿真计算 

分 类 号：TB535.1[理学—物理] TK417.1[理学—声学]