C形槽声子晶体带隙机理及低频减振研究  

Band gap mechanism and low-frequency vibration reduction of C-slot phononic crystal plate

作　　者：郑明军 李天华 左雪超 ZHENG Mingjun;LI Tianhua;ZUO Xuechao(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄铁道大学机械工程学院,石家庄050043

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2025年第7期258-266,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12393783)。

摘　　要：针对汽车板件结构低频振动和噪声的控制问题,提出一种新型C形槽声子晶体结构。采用有限元法计算结构的能带曲线并结合运动模态对其带隙进行分析,利用位移传输特性验证结构的减振能力,引用等效模型阐明结构的物理参数对带隙的影响。结果表明,C形槽声子晶体带隙的产生主要依靠局域共振模态下共振单元对基体板振动的抑制作用。调整结构的物理参数相当于改变系统的等效质量或等效刚度,进而影响带隙的范围。合理的参数可使结构以5 mm的厚度在200 Hz左右的范围形成完全带隙,并在更低的频率范围形成弯曲波带隙。此外,对应带隙范围的振动衰减最高为69 dB,表明C形槽声子晶体板具有良好的减振效果。该研究为声子晶体获得低频带隙提供了理论依据,在汽车低频减振降噪方面具有一定应用前景。Here,aiming at the control problem of low-frequency vibration and noise in automobile panel structures,a novel C-slot phononic crystal structure was proposed.Finite element method was used to calculate the structure energy band curve and analyze its bandgap by combining its motion modes,and the vibration reduction ability of the structure was verified using displacement transmission characteristics.The equivalent model was used to illustrate effects of physical parameters of the structure on its bandgap.The results showed that generation of bandgap in C-slot phononic crystal mainly relies on the suppression action of resonant element on base plate vibration under local resonance mode;adjusting physical parameters of the structure is equivalent to varying system equivalent mass or equivalent stiffness to affect bandgap range;reasonable parameters can make the structure form a complete bandgap with a thickness of 5 mm in the range of 200 Hz,and form a flexural wave bandgap within lower frequency range;in addition,the highest vibration attenuation corresponding to the bandgap range is 69 dB,so C-slot phononic crystal plate has good vibration reduction effect;the study can provide a theoretical basis for obtaining low-frequency band gap of phononic crystal plate,and have certain application prospects in low-frequency vibration and noise reduction of automobiles.

关 键 词：C形槽 声子晶体 低频带隙 局域共振 汽车减振降噪 

分 类 号：TB535[理学—物理]