甘肃中东部地区小黑麦茬后复种青贮玉米品种的产量研究  

Yield study of silage maize varieties after triticale stubble in central and eastern Gansu

作　　者：张银霞 宋谦 刘翠 郭蕊 赵方媛[1] 杜文华[1] ZHANG Yinxia;SONG Qian;LIU Cui;GUO Rui;ZHAO Fangyuan;DU Wenhua(College of Grassland Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem,Gansu Agricultural University,Ministry of Education,Sino-U.S.Centers for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China;Pingliang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Pingliang,Gansu 744000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省平凉市农业科学院,甘肃平凉744000

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2025年第2期173-181,214,共10页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32260339);农业农村部科技创新2030生物育种重大专项(2023ZD0402605-02);甘肃省高等学校产业支撑计划项目(2022CYZC-49)。

摘　　要：于2020年和2021年连续2年以9个青贮玉米品种(‘大京九26’,G1;‘利合228’,G2;‘西蒙青贮707’,G3;‘武科青贮107’,G4;‘利单656’,G5;‘蒙青贮1812’,G6;‘京科青贮932’,G7;‘豫青贮23’,G8;‘华美2号’,G9)为材料,分别在临洮县和泾川县研究了秋播小黑麦茬后复种青贮玉米的鲜草产量。结果表明:除2020年G4和2021年G3在泾川点未能达到最佳收获期外,其余品种在“两年两点”试验中均能达到青贮玉米收获标准,且所有青贮玉米的干物质含量介于22.74%~41.74%,满足青贮要求。其中鲜草产量的单因素分析结果为2020年平均鲜草产量(77.01 t·hm^(-2))显著高于2021年(49.57 t·hm^(-2));临洮点的平均鲜草产量(73.75 t·hm^(-2))显著高于泾川点(52.85 t·hm^(-2));品种G8的平均鲜草产量(74.51 t·hm^(-2))最高。二因素交互作用下,同一年份临洮点9个品种的平均鲜草产量均高于泾川点,同一试验点间2020年9个品种的平均鲜草产量均高于2021年。三因素交互作用下2020年和2021年临洮点G8的鲜草产量均最高(109.36 t·hm^(-2)和63.79 t·hm^(-2)),泾川点G6的鲜草产量均最高(80.73 t·hm^(-2)和59.75 t·hm^(-2))。GGE双标图对青贮玉米生产性能及试验点区分力的综合评价表明:‘大京九26’、‘豫青贮23’、‘京科青贮932’和‘蒙青贮1812’品种兼具丰产性和稳定性,适宜作为复种品种在甘肃中东部地区推广种植;泾川点因青贮玉米品种年际间产量较稳定,可作理想鉴定试点进行品种筛选。This experiment was conducted in 2020 and 2021 for two consecutive years with nine silage maize genotypes(‘Dajingjiu 26’,G1;‘Lihe 228’,G2;‘Ximeng silage 707’,G3;‘Wuke silage 107’,G4;‘Lidan 656’,G5;‘Meng silage 1812’,G6;‘Jingke silage 932’,G7;‘Yu silage 23’,G8;‘Huamei No.2’,G9)as the material to study the fresh yield of multiple cropping silage maize after cutting stubble at the flowering stage of autumn sowing triticale in Lintao and Jingchuan.The results showed that except G4 in 2020 and G3 in 2021 failed to achieve the best harvest period in Jingchuan,the other genotypes reached the silage maize harvest standard in two test points in two years.The dry matter content of all silage corn was 22.74%~41.74%,which met the silage requirements.The single factor analysis results showed that the average fresh yield in 2020(77.01 t·hm^(-2))was significantly higher than that in 2021(49.57 t·hm^(-2)),the average fresh yield of Lintao(73.75 t·hm^(-2))was significantly higher than that of Jingchuan(52.85 t·hm^(-2)),and the average fresh yield of G8(74.51 t·hm^(-2))was the highest among the genotypes.Under the interaction of two factors,the average fresh yield of nine genotypes in Lintao was higher than in Jingchuan in the same year,and the average fresh yield of nine genotypes in 2020 was higher than in 2021 in the same test site.Under the interaction of three factors,the fresh yield of G8 was the highest in Lintao in 2020(109.36 t·hm^(-2))and 2021(63.79 t·hm^(-2)),and G6 was the highest in Jingchuan in 2020(80.73 t·hm^(-2))and 2021(59.75 t·hm^(-2)).A comprehensive GGE biplot evaluation of the production performance and site discrimination of silage maize revealed that‘Dajingjiu 26’,‘Yu silage 23’,‘Jingke silage 932’,and‘Meng silage 1812’demonstrated both high yield and stability,making them suitable for use as multiple cropping genotypes in the central and eastern regions of Gansu.Additionally,Jingchuan can serve as an ideal pilot site for screening silage maize ge

关 键 词：青贮玉米 小黑麦茬后 产量稳定性 区域适应性 甘肃中东部 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S816.53S344.3S32