家庭数字金融使用与消费不平等  

Household Digital Finance Adoption and Consumption Inequality

作　　者：刘倩 游易亨 韩立岩[4,5] LIU Qian;YOU Yi-heng;HAN Li-yan

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学金融学院 [2]广东外语外贸大学金融学院金融开放与资产管理研究中心、金融开放发展研究院和华南财富管理中心研究基地 [3]巴塞罗那自治大学经济与经济史学院 [4]北京航空航天大学经济管理学院 [5]北京雁栖湖应用数学研究院数字经济实验室

出　　处：《消费经济》2025年第1期82-98,共17页Consumer Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“数字金融对居民消费不平等的影响评估与机理”(21CJY045)。

摘　　要：党的二十届三中全会强调应利用数字金融加强金融服务薄弱环节,深化改革中应缓解居民分配不均问题。为探究消费弱势群体能否通过使用数字金融缓解劣势,文章使用2013—2019年四轮中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据,构造家庭层面数字金融使用指数和个体视角下消费不平等指数,研究家庭数字金融使用对消费不平等的影响。结果表明,家庭数字金融使用通过降低收入不平等、缓解家庭经济不确定性、增强支付便利、削弱流动性约束和提高社会稳定性显著降低了消费不平等。本文进一步验证了家庭数字金融使用对中低消费群体的向上竞争效应、对低消费群体的收敛效应和对高消费群体的涓滴效应的促进作用,减少了机会不平等和努力不平等,对金融弱势群体家庭的影响更大。本文为数字金融发展和缓解消费不平等提供了政策参考。Communique of the 3rd Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee emphasizes that we should improve digital finance to strengthen financial services in weak areas,and mentions that the concern of unequal distribution of residents.Therefore,this paper aims to explore whether household digital finance adoption can alleviate the consumption inequality.Using CHFS from 2013 to 2019,we construct digital finance adoption index(DFA)and consumption inequality index at household-level and study the effects of DFA on consumption inequality.The results show that household digital financial adoption significantly reduces consumption inequality by reducing income inequality,alleviating household economic uncertainty,enhancing payment convenience,weakening liquidity constraints,and improving social stability.This paper also verifies household digital finance adoption enhance the upward competition effect of middle and low consumer groups,the convergence effect of low consumer groups and the trickle-down effect of high consumer groups.Moreover,household digital finance adoption reduces the inequality of opportunity and effort,and has a greater impact on financially disadvantaged households.This paper provides suggestions for the development of digital finance and the alleviation of consumption inequality.

关 键 词：家庭数字金融使用 消费不平等 向上竞争效应 收敛效应 涓滴效应 

分 类 号：F832[经济管理—金融学]