基于Landsat影像的高寒矿区排土场植被覆盖度动态监测  

Dynamic monitoring of vegetation coverage in alpine mining dump based on Landsat imagery

作　　者：邓太国 胡夏嵩[1] 刘昌义 吴志杰 何德权 雷浩川 DENG Taiguo;HU Xiasong;LIU Changyi;WU Zhijie;HE Dequan;LEI Haochuan(School of Geological Engineering,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学地质工程学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《水利水电快报》2025年第4期107-113,共7页Express Water Resources & Hydropower Information

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42267024)。

摘　　要：为研究青海木里煤田江仓矿区煤炭资源露天开采对区内植被的影响,以及开采后区内植被覆盖度的时空变化,基于江仓矿区2000~2022年8期Landsat卫星影像数据,通过计算归一化植被指数(NDVI),利用像元二分模型估算区内植被覆盖度及其变化特征。结果表明:①空间尺度方面,区内植被覆盖度呈现西高东低和北高南低、由西北方向至东南方向呈递减的变化趋势;②时间尺度方面,2000~2013年间区内露天开采煤炭资源导致高植被覆盖区域面积占比由57.84%降至16.35%,平均植被覆盖度由0.7338降至0.5836;2013~2018年间植被恢复效果得到显著提高,2018年高植被覆盖区面积占比和平均植被覆盖度分别增加至66.29%和0.7182;至2022年时低植被覆盖区面积占比由14.64%下降至8.46%,高植被覆盖区面积占比由16.35%增加至45.58%。研究成果可为以江仓矿区为代表的高寒环境条件下开展矿山排土场植被覆盖度动态监测提供参考。In order to study the impact of open-pit mining of coal resources on vegetation in Jiangcang mining area of Muli coalfield in Qinghai Province,and study the temporal and spatial variation of vegetation coverage after mining,this study used Normalized Vegetation Index(NDVI)to estimate the vegetation coverage and its change characteristics in the area based on the Landsat satellite image data of eight time phases in Jiangcang mining area from 2000 to 2022.The results showed that in terms of spatial scale,the vegetation coverage in the area showed a trend of high in the west and the north and low in the east and the south,and decreased from the northwest to the southeast.In terms of time scale,during the period of 2000 to 2013,the proportion of high vegetation coverage area and average vegetation coverage in the region decreased from 57.84% to 16.35% and 0.7338 to 0.5836 due to open-pit mining of coal resources.The effect of vegetation restoration was significantly improved from 2013 to 2018,which showed that the proportion of high vegetation coverage area and average vegetation coverage increased to 66.29% and 0.7182,respectively.By 2022,the proportion of low vegetation coverage area decreased from 14.64% to 8.46%,and the proportion of high vegetation coverage area increased from 16.35% to 45.58%.The results of this study can provide a reference for the dynamic monitoring of vegetation coverage in mine dump under the alpine environment represented by Jiangcang mining area.

关 键 词：植被覆盖度 排土场植被恢复 归一化植被指数 像元二分模型 高寒矿区 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学] TD824.8[矿业工程—煤矿开采]