双边磁场调制永磁直线电机推力特性优化设计  

Optimization of thrust characteristics of permanent magnet linearmotor with bilateral magnetic field modulation

作　　者：缪仲翠[1,2] 张磊 苏乙 张慧 李燕 MIAO Zhongcui;ZHANG Lei;SU Yi;ZHANG Hui;LI Yan(School of Automation&Electrical Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Key Laboratory of Opt-Electronic Technology and Intelligent Control of Ministry of Education,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学自动化与电气工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]兰州交通大学光电技术与智能控制教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《电机与控制学报》2025年第2期146-159,共14页Electric Machines and Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51867012)。

摘　　要：针对永磁直线电机存在的推力波动大以及永磁体利用率低等问题,从结构设计方面着手,提出一种采用扇形Halbach交替极磁极结构的双边长次级磁场调制永磁直线电机(BLSMFMPMLM),并对其进行优化设计。首先,通过有限元法分析BLSMFMPMLM分别采用3种不同Halbach磁极结构的气隙磁场谐波成分、平均推力和推力波动等电磁性能进行计算分析;其次,通过建立推力特性的解析模型和Taguchi法筛选出对推力特性影响较大的参数,利用组合近似模型(ES)结合多目标优化算法对关键参数进行优化以提高电机推力特性,获得多组Pareto最优解;最后,选取综合性能较优的解搭建仿真模型分析电机性能的改善效果和验证设计方法的实用性。结果表明:扇形Halbach交替极磁极结构永磁体利用率更高,具有实用价值;优化后的BLSMFMPMLM平均推力提升了26.82%,并其使得推力波动减小了24.66%,该研究为永磁直线电机的性能改善提供了有效方法。In response to the challenges of large thrust fluctuations and low utilization of permanent magnets in permanent magnet linear motors,an optimized design approach was proposed for a bilaterally long secondary magnetic field modulated permanent magnet linear motor(BLSMFMPMLM)employing a fan-shaped Halbach alternation pole structure.Firstly,using finite element analysis,the electromagnetic performance of the BLSMFMPMLM with three different Halbach pole structures was evaluated in terms of air gap harmonic components,average thrust,and thrust fluctuations.Secondly,an analytical model of thrust characteristics was established,and the Taguchi method was utilized to identify key parameters influencing thrust characteristics.Through the use of an ensemble of surrogates model(ES)and multi-objective optimization algorithms,the critical parameters were optimized to improve motor thrust characteristics.Finally,the selected solution with better overall performance was utilized to construct a simulation model for analyzing the improvement effects on motor performance and validating the practicality of the design approach.The results demonstrate that the fan-shaped Halbach alternation pole structure achieves higher utilization of permanent magnets and provides significant practical value.The optimized BLSMFMPMLM exhibits a 26.82%increase in average thrust and a 24.66%reduction in thrust fluctuations.This research offers an effective method for enhancing the performance of permanent magnet linear motors.

关 键 词：永磁直线电机 磁场调制 HALBACH阵列 交替极 推力特性 有限元 组合近似模型 多目标优化 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]