铝-氮化硼粉末复合形式对大气等离子喷涂涂层组织及磨损性能的影响研究  

Effect of Aluminum-boron Nitride Powder Composite Form on Microstructure and Properties of Atmospheric Plasma-sprayed Coating

作　　者：王玉江[1] 潘王帅 王旭东 杨焜 WANG Yujiang;PAN Wangshuai;WANG Xudong;YANG Kun(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Guangxi University of Science and Technology,Guangxi Liuzhou 545616,China;National Engineering Laboratory of Modern Materials Surface Engineering Technology,Institute of New Materials,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Surface Engineering Technology,Institute of New Materials,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China;Guangzhou GRG Metrology&Test Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510627,China)

机构地区：[1]广西科技大学机械与汽车工程学院,广西柳州545616 [2]广东省科学院新材料研究所现代材料表面工程技术国家工程实验室,广州510650 [3]广东省科学院新材料研究所广东省现代表面工程技术重点实验室,广州510650 [4]广州广电计量检测股份有限公司,广州510627

出　　处：《表面技术》2025年第7期247-259,共13页Surface Technology

基　　金：广东特支计划(2019BT02C629);广东省科技计划(2023B1212060045)。

摘　　要：目的研究团聚型(Al-hBN)、镶嵌型(CuAl-hBN)、hBN包Al型(hBN/Al)和Al包hBN型(Al/hBN)等4种不同复合形式的粉末在焰流中的熔化行为,以及对涂层组织和性能的影响。方法采用胶黏团聚工艺制备粉末,采用XRD进行物相分析,采用SEM对粉体和涂层进行微观分析,采用倒置金相显微镜表征孔隙,采用洛氏硬度仪测量涂层的表面硬度,采用氮氧仪测量hBN烧损率,采用高温摩擦磨损试验机对可磨耗性能进行表征。结果Al-hBN粉末粒度较小,流动性较差;CuAl-hBN的粉末粒度较大,松装密度较高,流动性较好;hBN/Al粉末粒度大且均匀,球形度高,流动性极佳;Al/hBN粉末粒度分布范围宽,松装密度低,流动性较差。在喷涂过程中,Al-hBN粉末熔化充分,涂层的孔隙率较低,硬度较高;CuAl-hBN粉末中枝晶状Cu有效保护了hBN,使得涂层中hBN含量增加,且分布均匀;hBN/Al中的hBN烧损率高,含量降低,涂层中的未熔化颗粒较多;Al/hBN粉末中的hBN作为核心被保护,烧损率低,含量高。在可磨耗性能方面,CuAl-hBN涂层以叶片摩擦磨损为主,同时伴随着黏着磨损,其余3种涂层与TC4以黏着磨损为主。结论采用Al/hBN粉末制备的涂层质地软,孔隙率较小,hBN含量较高;在与TC4摩擦销对磨过程中,其黏附量最低,磨痕较平整,可磨耗性能优异。相关结果可为粉末及涂层制备工艺的优化提供有价值的参考,有助于提升涂层的性能和应用效果。To investigate the melting behavior of different composite powders in flame flows and their impact on coating microstructure and performance,four types of composite powders were prepared:agglomerated type(Al-hBN),embedded type(CuAl-hBN),hBN-coated Al type(hBN/Al),and Al-coated hBN type(Al/hBN).All four powders were prepared according to the binder agglomeration process and coatings were fabricated according to the atmospheric plasma spraying technology.Subsequently,X-ray diffraction(XRD)was used for phase analyses of powders and coatings.A scanning electron microscopy(SEM)was employed for microstructural analysis of both powders and coatings.An inverted metallographic microscopy was used to characterize the coating porosity.A Rockwell hardness tester was used to measure the surface hardness of the coatings.A nitrogen-oxygen analyzer was used to assess the burn-off rate of hBN during spraying.A high-temperature friction and wear tester was used to create the test environment.An energy-dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)was used to analyze the elemental content on the worn surface of the coatings,and a three-dimensional scanner was used to scan the wear marks.The test results indicated that:Al-hBN powders had smaller particle sizes,were more prone to adhesion between particles,exhibited the poorest flowability,and the lowest feed rate;CuAl-hBN powders had relatively larger particle sizes,higher bulk density,and slightly poorer flowability;hBN/Al powders had larger and more uniform particle sizes,high sphericity,excellent flowability,and the highest feed rate;Al/hBN powders had a wide particle size distribution range,low bulk density,and poorer flowability.In terms of coating condition,Al-hBN showed good melting of the Al phase,forming a continuous layer,but the distribution of hBN was uneven,affecting the coating performance;CuAl-hBN powders dispersed Al and hBN well due to dendritic Cu,resulting in a more uniform phase distribution but also an increase in unmelted particles and large pores;In hBN/Al coatings,incomplete m

关 键 词：铝-氮化硼 粉末粒径 复合形式 孔隙率 硬度 hBN烧损率 可磨耗性 大气等离子喷涂 

分 类 号：TG178[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]