核-壳聚苯乙烯-二氧化硅复合微球的制备与表征  

Preparation and Characterizations of Core-Shell Polystyrene-Silica Composite Microspheres

作　　者：尚靖昊 靳钊 邵华锋[1] 孔令毅 SHANG Jinghao;JIN Zhao;SHAO Huafeng;KONG Lingyi(School of Polymer Science and Engineering,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266045,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学高分子科学与工程学院,山东青岛266045

出　　处：《塑料工业》2025年第3期33-42,共10页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52473096)。

摘　　要：二氧化硅微球是核酸提取、核酸检测的重要试剂,然而亚微米级的单分散二氧化硅微球较难制备。本文通过制备单分散的羟基及羧基表面改性的聚苯乙烯微球,并以其为核,在其表面生长二氧化硅壳层,制备了一系列粒径在250 nm~1μm之间的单分散聚苯乙烯-二氧化硅核-壳微球,为制备新型单分散核酸提取试剂提供了一种新的方法。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、红外光谱(FTIR)、热重分析仪(TG)对制备的复合微球进行了性能表征。结果表明,分别以丙烯酸、丙烯酸2-羟乙酯作为功能单体和苯乙烯共聚,通过无皂乳液聚合法,制备出了单分散的羧基化或羟基化的聚苯乙烯微球,通过调控体系内电解质浓度可以实现微球粒径在250 nm~1μm之间的可控化制备。进而以羧基化或羟基化的聚苯乙烯微球作为模板制备核-壳聚苯乙烯-二氧化硅复合微球。通过TG表征可知,以羧基化聚苯乙烯微球为模板制备的核-壳微球二氧化硅的质量占整体的52.97%;以羟基化的聚苯乙烯微球作为模板制备核-壳微球二氧化硅的质量占整体的48.10%。以羧基化聚苯乙烯微球为模板制备的亚微米级核-壳聚苯乙烯-二氧化硅微球时,二氧化硅壳层更加致密,相容性更好。Silica microspheres are important reagents for nucleic acid extraction and nucleic acid detection.However,the preparation of submicron monodisperse silica microspheres is rather challenging.In this paper,a series of monodisperse polystyrene-silica core-shell microspheres with particle sizes ranging from 250 nm to 1μm were fabricated by first preparing monodisperse polystyrene microspheres modified with hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on the surface and then using them as cores to grow silica shell layers on their surfaces,providing a novel approach for the preparation of new monodisperse nucleic acid extraction reagents.The properties of the prepared composite microspheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),and thermogravimetric analyzer(TG).The results demonstrate that monodisperse carboxylated or hydroxylated polystyrene microspheres could be synthesized through the soap-free emulsion copolymerization of acrylic acid and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate with styrene.The acrylic acid and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate are served as functional monomers.The controllable preparation of microsphere particle sizes between 250 nm and 1μm could be achieved by adjusting the electrolyte concentration in the system.Furthermore,the carboxylated or hydroxylated polystyrene microspheres are utilized as templates to prepare core-shell polystyrene-silica composite microspheres.TG characterization reveals that the mass of silica in the core-shell microspheres prepared using carboxylated polystyrene microspheres as templates accounts for 52.97%of the total mass,while the mass of silica in the core-shell microspheres prepared using hydroxylated polystyrene microspheres as templates accounts for 48.10%of the total mass.When the submicron core-shell polystyrene-silica microspheres are prepared using carboxylated polystyrene microspheres as templates,the silica shell layer is denser and has better compatibility.

关 键 词：核-壳结构 复合微球 无皂乳液聚合 聚苯乙烯 二氧化硅 

分 类 号：TQ325.2[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]