ABS-g-MAH/CPVC/ABS复合材料的阻燃和力学性能  

Flame Retardancy and Mechanical Properties of ABS-g-MAH/CPVC/ABS Composites

作　　者：李璨然 周松[1] 杨青林 余闻达 罗玉梅[1] LI Canran;ZHOU Song;YANG Qinglin;YU Wenda;LUO Yumei(School of New Energy and Materials,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学新能源与材料学院,四川成都610500

出　　处：《塑料工业》2025年第3期70-76,101,共8页China Plastics Industry

摘　　要：为提高丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)复合材料的阻燃和力学性能,选用氯化聚氯乙烯(CPVC)为阻燃剂,马来酸酐接枝ABS(ABS-g-MAH)为增容剂,采用熔融共混制备了CPVC/ABS和ABS-g-MAH/CPVC/ABS复合材料。通过拉伸、冲击、热变形温度、热重分析、极限氧指数、垂直燃烧试验和扫描电子显微镜等测试研究了CPVC和ABS-g-MAH质量分数对ABS阻燃性能、力学性能、热性能和断面形貌的影响。结果表明,质量分数30%的CPVC使ABS的极限氧指数由20.0%增至26.6%,拉伸强度(41.55 MPa)提高22.8%,但韧性和热稳定性降低。将ABS-g-MAH等量替代ABS,ABS-g-MAH可改善CPVC/ABS的力学性能和界面黏附。与CPVC/ABS(质量分数30∶70)的力学性能相比,ABS-g-MAH/CPVC/ABS(质量分数17.5∶30∶52.5)的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和缺口冲击强度分别提高1.6%、51.9%和13.7%。适量添加ABS-g-MAH能提高ABS-g-MAH/CPVC/ABS的热变形温度和热稳定性。To enhance the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer(ABS)composites,the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride(CPVC)was used as the flame retardant,and maleic anhydride grafted acrylonitrilebutadiene-styrene copolymer(ABS-g-MAH)was used as the compatibilizer.CPVC/ABS and ABS-g-MAH/CPVC/ABS composites were prepared by melt blending.The effects of CPVC and ABS-g-MAH mass fractions on the flame retardancy,mechanical properties,thermal properties and cross section morphologies of ABS were investigated by tensile,impact,thermal deformation temperature,thermogravimetric analysis,limiting oxygen index,vertical combustion test and scanning electron microscope.The results indicate that,when the mass fraction of CPVC is 30%,the ultimate oxygen index of ABS increases from 20.0%to 26.6%,and the tensile strength(41.55 MPa)increases by 22.8%,accompanied by the decrease of toughness and thermal stability.The mechanical properties and interfacial adhesion of CPVC/ABS composites are improved by adding ABS-g-MAH to replace ABS equally.Compared with the mechanical properties of CPVC/ABS(mass fraction 30∶70),the tensile strength,elongation at break and notch impact strength of ABS-g-MAH/CPVC/ABS(mass fraction 17.5∶30∶52.5)increase by 1.6%,51.9%and 13.7%,respectively.Appropriate ABS-g-MAH content could improve the thermal deformation temperature and thermal stability of ABS-g-MAH/CPVC/ABS.

关 键 词：氯化聚氯乙烯 丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物 增容剂 力学性能 极限氧指数 

分 类 号：TQ325.2[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]