不同基材上改性锂藻土/聚乳酸复合薄膜的制备与表征  

Preparation and Characterization of Modified Laponite/Polylactic Acid Composite Films on Different Substrates

作　　者：蔺永岗 张鹏 张晓波 李悦[1] 李宏利[1] LIN Yonggang;ZHANG Peng;ZHANG Xiaobo;LI Yue;LI Hongli(National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Bio-based Materials,Yunnan Minzu University,Kunming 650500,China;Beijing Xueda Information Technology Group Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230000,China;Anhui Fengyuan Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Bengbu 233000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南民族大学生物基材料绿色制备技术国家与地方联合工程研究中心,云南昆明650500 [2]北京学大信息技术集团有限公司,安徽合肥230000 [3]安徽丰原生物技术股份有限公司,安徽蚌埠233000

出　　处：《塑料工业》2025年第3期129-136,157,共9页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：云南省万人计划青年拔尖人才专项(YNWR-QNBJ-2019-094);云南省科技厅科技计划项目(基础研究专项-202301AT070018);云南民族大学2024年硕士研究生科研创新基金项目(2024SKY133)。

摘　　要：随着全球生物经济的发展,聚乳酸(PLA)作为一种环境友好和生物安全性高的生物基绿色材料受到越来越多的关注,但PLA脆性高、断裂伸长率低的性质限制了其在膜类材料的应用。将有机改性纳米黏土和PLA共混,是一种弥补PLA性能缺陷的方法。本文通过N-2,3-环氧丙烯二甲基十二烷基氯化铵(DSCA)对锂藻土(Laponite)进行有机改性,得到改性后的锂藻土(O-Laponite)。采用溶剂成膜方法制备了O-Laponite/PLA复合薄膜。用涂布法将溶液分别均匀地涂在聚四氟乙烯板(PTFE)和玻璃板2种基材上,观察不同基材对复合薄膜的结构和性能影响。差式扫描量热测试(DSC)和X射线衍射测试(XRD)数据显示,随着O-Laponite的加入,在不同的基材上制备的复合薄膜具有不同的晶体构象,同时提高了复合薄膜的结晶性能和热稳定性。扫描电镜(SEM)结果显示,2种复合薄膜之间存在显著差异,玻璃基板上所制备的复合薄膜的表面有明显的颗粒外观和团聚现象,而PTFE基板上所制备的复合薄膜表面呈沟壑状,无明显颗粒。拉伸性能分析表明,O-Laponite的添加能增强复合薄膜的柔韧性和断裂伸长率。With the development of the global bio-economy,polylactic acid(PLA)has attracted more and more attention as an environmentally friendly and bio-safe bio-based green material.However,the properties of PLA,such as high brittleness and low elongation at break,limit its applications in membrane materials.Blending organically modified nanoclay with PLA is a method to remedy the shortcomings of PLA.In this paper,Laponite was organically modified by N-2,3-epoxypropylene dimethyl dodecyl ammonium chloride(DSCA)to obtain modified Laponite(O-Laponite).O-Laponite/PLA composite films were prepared by a solvent film-forming method.The solution was uniformly coated on two substrates of polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)plate and glass plate by a coating method,and the effects of different substrates on the structures and properties of the composite films were observed.Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and X-ray diffraction test(XRD)data show that with the addition of O-Laponite,the composite films prepared on different substrates have different crystal conformations,and the crystallization properties and thermal stability of the composite films are improved.The results of scanning electron microscopy(SEM)show that there are significant differences between the two composite films.The surface of the composite films prepared on the glass substrate shows an obvious particle appearance and agglomeration,while the surface of the composite films prepared on the PTFE substrate is gully-like and has no obvious particles.The tensile properties results show that the addition of O-Laponite could enhance the flexibility and elongation at the break of the composite films.

关 键 词：聚乳酸 熔融挤出 基材 有机改性锂藻土 结晶 

分 类 号：TQ321.2[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]