基于DTAS柔性尺寸公差仿真的汽车前照灯支架优化  

Optimization of Automotive Headlamp Bracket Based on DTAS Flexible Dimensional Tolerance Simulation

作　　者：杨泽钰 王鹏 胡超 YANG Zeyu;WANG Peng;HU Chao(SAIC General Motors Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201208,China)

机构地区：[1]上汽通用汽车有限公司,上海201208

出　　处：《汽车零部件》2024年第12期46-51,共6页Automobile Parts

摘　　要：为了在设计阶段确保某车型前部区域的尺寸匹配能够满足整车尺寸技术规范,建立了前部区域的三维尺寸公差仿真模型并进行仿真分析。基于零件重力和装配载荷导致的公差传递与积累,引入零件有限元模型,形成了柔性尺寸公差仿真方法。结果表明,传统三维尺寸公差仿真分析中假设零件为刚体,无法发现尺寸匹配风险;该车型初始设计阶段的支架无法为前照灯提供足够支撑力,导致前照灯与翼子板间隙为0.40 mm,柔性尺寸公差仿真合格率为86.70%,无法满足尺寸匹配要求;参考柔性尺寸公差仿真结果对支架结构改进优化后,前照灯与翼子板间隙为0.10 mm,柔性尺寸公差仿真合格率提升至97.85%,有效降低了汽车制造过程中的尺寸匹配风险。In order to ensure that the size matching of the front area of a certain vehicle model can meet the technical specifications of the overall vehicle size during the design phase,a three-dimensional dimensional tolerance simulation model of the front area was established and analyzed through simulation.Based on the tolerance transmission and accumulation caused by the gravity of parts and assembly loads,a finite element model of parts is introduced to form a flexible dimensional tolerance simulation method.The results indicate that in traditional 3D dimensional tolerance simulation analysis,assuming the parts are rigid bodies,the risk of dimensional matching cannot be detected;The bracket in the initial design phase of this model was unable to provide sufficient support for the headlights,resulting in a gap of 0.40 mm between the headlights and fenders.The simulation qualification rate for flexible dimensional tolerances was 86.70%,which cannot meet the size matching requirements;After improving and optimizing the bracket structure based on the simulation results of flexible dimensional tolerances,the gap between the headlights and fenders was 0.10 mm,and the qualification rate of flexible dimensional tolerance simulation was increased to 97.85%,effectively reducing the risk of dimensional matching in the automotive manufacturing process.

关 键 词：尺寸匹配 公差仿真 有限元 

分 类 号：U463.83[机械工程—车辆工程]