高原河谷区泥石流发育特征与危害形式——以新疆和田地区乌鲁西嘎来克沟为例  

Analysis of Development Characteristics and Hazard Forms of Debris Flow in Plateau Valley Area——A Case Study of Wuluxigalaike Gully,Hotan,Xinjiang

作　　者：尚宇琦 柳金峰[1,2] 游勇[1,2] 孙昊[1,2] 王东伟 张文涛 杨华铨 伏航 Shang Yuqi;Liu Jinfeng;You Yong;Sun Hao;Wang Dongwei;ZhangWentao;Yang Huaquan;Fu Hang(Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu,Sichuan,610041,China;Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu,Sichuan,610041,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室,四川成都610041 [2]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《新疆地质》2025年第1期164-173,共10页Xinjiang Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42201095);四川省博士后特别资助项目(TB2023028)共同资助。

摘　　要：为进一步研究高原河谷区泥石流危害特征与潜在危险性,本文以新疆和田地区乌鲁西嘎来克沟为研究对象,综合运用野外调查、颗粒分析实验、室内计算分析和数值模拟等方法,深入分析了高原河谷区泥石流的发育特征与危害形式。野外调查发现,泥石流流域内岩石风化破碎严重、物源储量大、高差大、动力势能强和堆积扇冲淤变化显著等特点。通过数值模拟软件Massflow模拟不同频率下泥石流的运动特征和堵河参数,预测泥石流淤积特征及堵河高度。进一步分析泥石流可能引发的链生灾害,包括泥石流堵河、堵溃决前后的危害、冲击破坏、漫流散流和淤埋公路等危害形式,并提出针对性的防治建议,包括固坡稳床、拦粗排细及堰塞湖处置措施,降低泥石流对上下游地区带来的威胁。研究结果对于类似条件下的泥石流灾害防治具重要的参考价值。In order to further study the hazard characteristics and potential hazards of debris flow in the plateau valley area,this paper takes the Galaike gully in Urumqi,Xinjiang as the research object,and comprehensively uses the methods of field investigation,particle analysis experiment,indoor calculation analysis and numerical simulation to analyze the development characteristics and hazard forms of debris flow in the plateau valley area.Field investigation found that the rocks in the debris flow basin are seriously weathered and broken,the source reserves are large,the height difference is large,the dynamic potential energy is strong,and the erosion and deposition of the accumulation fan are significant.Through the numerical simulation software Massflow,the movement characteristics and river blocking parameters of debris flow at different frequencies are simulated,and the deposition characteristics and river blocking height of debris flow are predicted.The possible chain disasters caused by debris flow are further analyzed,including the harmfulness before and after debris flow blocking and breaking,impact damage,overflow and scattered flow,and the risk of silting up highways.The corresponding prevention and control suggestions are put forward,including slope stabilization,coarse blocking and fine discharge,and barrier lake disposal measures,so as to reduce the threat of debris flow to the upstream and downstream areas.The research results have important reference value for the prevention and control of debris flow disasters under similar conditions.

关 键 词：泥石流 高原河谷区 危害特征 防治建议 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P624.23[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] X43[天文地球—地质学]