植入式动物心脏起搏器研究和设计  

Research and design of implantable animal cardiac pacemaker

作　　者：范玉欣 张子旋 张青芝[1] 陈学智 范振中[1] FAN Yu-xin;ZHANG Zi-xuan;ZHANG Qing-zhi;CHEN Xue-zhi;FAN Zhen-zhong(The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang 050031,Hebei,China;Peking University International Hospital,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学第一医院,河北石家庄050031 [2]北京大学国际医院,北京102206

出　　处：《生物医学工程与临床》2025年第2期150-154,共5页Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Medicine

摘　　要：目的研究用于实验动物的植入式心脏起搏器,介绍其电路设计原理、软件编程及封装方法。方法该起搏器采用低功耗PIC10LF320微控制器、磁控干簧管、纽扣电池及贴片元件构成。采用示波器对其输出脉冲的频率、幅值、宽度进行测定。在比格犬右侧第5肋间隙开胸,植入起搏器对比格犬进行心房快速起搏。在手术过程中将起搏器电极连接在右心房。然后在犬科动物背部的皮下口袋植入起搏器。结果该起搏器主要技术指标:脉冲频率60~600 bit/min;脉冲宽度0.5~5.0 ms;脉冲幅度5 V。封装前确认指标参数,进行封装。用该起搏器对比格犬进行心房快速起搏,检测心电图确认起搏成功。置入后第1周关闭心脏起搏器,给实验犬一个恢复的时间。然后打开起搏器,以500 bit/min、脉冲幅度5 V、脉冲宽度0.8 ms进行心房快速起搏,持续时间8周(AOO模式),建立心房颤动动物模型。采用该起搏器对犬、家兔进行心外膜起搏取得了满意的结果。结论该起搏器稳定性好,且制作容易、成本低、体积小,适用于实验室中批量动物心脏起搏实验。Objective To study and design an implantable cardiac pacemaker for experimental animals,and introduce its circuit design principle,software programming and packaging method.Methods The pacemaker was composed of low-power PIC10LF320 microcontroller,magnetically controlled reed tube,button battery and patch element.The frequency,amplitude and width of output pulse were measured by oscilloscope.In the right fifth intercostal space of Beagle dog,the pacemaker was implanted into the Beagle dog for rapid atrial pacing.The pacemaker electrodes were connected to the right atrium during surgery,and then implanted subcutaneously in Beagle’s back.Results The main technical indexes of the pacemaker were:pulse frequency 60-600 bit/min;pulse width 0.5-5.0 ms;pulse amplitude 5 V.Before encapsulation,the index parameters were confirmed,and the pacemaker was used to perform atrial rapid pacing in dog,and the successful pacing was confirmed by electrocardiogram.The cardiac pacemaker was turned off one week after implantation,and the recovery time was given to the dog.Then the pacemaker was turned on,and atrial rapid pacing was performed at 500 bit/min,pulse amplitude 5 V,pulse width 0.8 ms for 8 weeks(AOO mode)to establish an animal model of atrial fibrillation.Satisfactory results were obtained by epicardial pacing in dogs and rabbits.Conclusion It is demonstrated that the pacemaker is suitable for laboratory batch animal cardiac pacing research due to its good stability,easy to produce,low cost and small size.

关 键 词：心脏起搏器 植入式 心率控制 实验动物 犬 

分 类 号：R318.6[医药卫生—生物医学工程]