追施鱼优蛋白肥替代化肥对贝贝南瓜品质及产量的影响  

Effects of Topdressing with Fish Protein Fertilizer Instead of Chemical Fertilizer on Quality and Yield of Beibei Pumpkin

作　　者：张莹[1] 陈艳利[1] 攸学松 马超[1] 穆生奇[1] 徐进[1] ZHANG Ying;CHEN Yanli;YOU Xuesong;MA Chao;MU Shengqi;XU Jin(Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农业技术推广站,北京100029

出　　处：《蔬菜》2025年第4期68-73,共6页Vegetables

基　　金：北京市农业技术推广站2024年综合保障项目(业务运转)。

摘　　要：为减少过量施用化肥,提高南瓜产量和品质,以贝贝南瓜为研究对象,在坐果期追施纯天然有机肥鱼优蛋白肥料替代化肥,设置T1(常规667 m~2追施三元复合化肥30 kg)、T2(667 m~2追施鱼优蛋白肥料30 kg)、T3(667 m~2追施三元复合化肥20 kg)、T4(追施鱼优蛋白肥20 kg)和CK(不追肥)处理,研究追肥鱼优蛋白替代化肥对贝贝南瓜品质及产量的影响。结果表明:T2处理的效果最佳,可有效促进果实横径生长发育,比CK及化肥追施处理T1、T3分别显著提高24.14%、5.88%、20.94%,可改善果实品质,可溶性固形物含量达13.83%,比CK显著提高5.34百分点,T2虽较化肥追施处理T1显著降低0.96百分点,但较减量化肥追施处理T3显著提高1.47百分点,且果肉质地致密、甜度高、面度高、纤维少、强粉、细腻、干,口感综合表现最佳;与CK、T1、T3、T4处理相比,T2处理平均单果质量分别显著提高37.50%、12.82%、7.69%和4.76%,667 m~2产量分别显著提高40.03%、11.04%、15.38%和6.26%,667 m~2经济效益分别提高37.41%、9.88%、13.88%和5.67%。因此,在大棚贝贝南瓜种植中推荐每667 m~2追施30 kg鱼优蛋白肥料替代化肥(分2次追施,每次用量1/2),以促进设施南瓜的提质增效及可持续生产。In order to reduce the excessive application of chemical fertilizer and improve the yield and quality of pumpkin,taking Beibei pumpkin as the research object,topdressing pure natural organic fertilizer fish protein fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer in the fruit setting period,treatments T1(conventional topdressing with N,P,K compound fertilizer of 30 kg per 667 m2),T2(topdressing with fish protein fertilizer of 30 kg per 667 m2),T3(topdressing with N,P,K compound fertilizer of 20 kg per 667 m2),T4(topdressing with fish protein fertilizer of 20 kg per 667 m2)and CK(without topdressing)were set to study the effects of topdressing fish protein instead of chemical fertilizer on the quality and yield of Beibei pumpkin.The results showed that T2 treatment had the best effect,which could effectively promote the growth and development of fruit transverse diameter,with a significantly increase of 24.14%,5.88%and 20.94%compared to CK,chemical fertilizer topdressing T1 and T3 treatments,respectively,and improved fruit quality with soluble solids content of 13.83%,with significantly increase of 5.34 percentage points compared to CK.Although T2 treatment was significantly reduced by 0.96 percentage point compared to T1 treatment,it significantly increased by 1.47 percentage points compared to T3 treatment with reduced chemical fertilizer topdressing.The flesh has dense texture,better sweetness,high dough,less fiber,strong powder,fine texture and dryness,and the overall taste performance was the best.Compared with CK,T1,T3,T4 treatments,the average single fruit quality of T2 treatment 2 significantly increased by 37.50%,12.82%,7.69%and 4.76%,the yield of 667 m significantly increased by 40.03%,211.04%,15.38%and 6.26%,and the economic benefit of 667 m increased by 37.41%,9.88%,13.88%and 5.67%,2 respectively.Therefore,it is recommended to topdress fish protein fertilizer with 30 kg per 667 m(topdressing twice,with 1/2 dosage each time)instead of chemical fertilizer for Beibei pumpkin planting in greenhouse,so as to promo

关 键 词：贝贝南瓜 鱼优蛋白肥料 品质 产量 经济效益 最佳施用量 化肥减量 

分 类 号：S642.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]