危化品罐车制动冲击下防波板对液体晃动影响的仿真分析  

Numerical Simulation Analysis of the Impact of Baffles on Liquid Sloshing in Hazardous Chemical Tankers during Braking

作　　者：韩小燕 顾永兵 曹艺超 丁学峰 丁文捷[1] HAN Xiaoyan;GU Yongbing;CAO Yichao;DING Xuefeng;DING Wenjie(School of Mechanical Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Special Equipment Inspection and Testing Institute,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学机械工程学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏特种设备检验检测院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《西北工程技术学报(中英文)》2025年第1期23-29,共7页Ningxia Engineering Technology

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金项目(2023AAC03736)。

摘　　要：针对危化品罐车在制动工况下,罐内防波板抑制液体晃动研究不足,以及现有防波板设计和使用缺乏统一标准的问题,建立危化品罐车罐体模型;然后,利用ANSYS软件进行有限元分析,数值模拟不同液体介质的晃动冲击效应,以及无防波板和布置A,B,C型3种常见防波板的罐内液体晃动冲击情况;引入标准化参数,即防波板面积比(防波板开口面积与全封闭防波板面积之比),研究防波板开孔特征与其防晃性能的量化关联。结果表明,在相同外界激励下,承装介质的密度影响晃动冲击的最大值,当液体密度大于740kg/m^(3)时,晃动冲击的最大值随着液体密度的增加而增大;安装防波板可有效降低罐体前封头面受到的冲击应力;随着防波板面积比的减小,冲击力最大值呈现明显的递减趋势;当防波板面积比在0.15~0.5内时,罐体受到的最大冲击力较小,液体晃动对罐体的影响也较小,其中,C型防波板(面积比为0.25)对罐内液体晃动的抑制效果最好。建议在实际应用中优先考虑C型防波板,或将防波板面积比控制在0.15~0.5,以最大限度地降低液体晃动对罐体的冲击影响。Research on the suppression of liquid sloshing in hazardous chemical tankers during braking is currently limited,and there are no unified standards for the design and use of internal baffles.To explore these issues,a tank model for hazardous chemical tankers was established,and finite element analysis(FEA)was performed using the ANSYS software.This enabled numerical simulations of the liquid slosh impact of various liquid media,as well as the evaluation of liquid slosh impact in tanks without baffles and with three common baffles(Types A,B,and C).Additionally,a standardized parameter was introduced--the baffle area ratio(defined as the ratio of perforated area to solid baffle area)--to investigate the quantitative relationship between the baffle’s perforation characteristics and its anti-sloshing performance.The results reveal that,under the same external excitation,the density of the liquid medium significantly influences the maximum sloshing impact.Specifically,when the liquid density exceeds 740 kg/m^(3),the peak sloshing impact increases with the density.The installation of baffles reduces the impact stress on the tank’s front head.As the baffle area ratio decreases,the maximum impact force exerted on the tank shows a noticeable decreasing trend.When the baffle area ratio falls within 0.15-0.5,the maximum impact force on the tank is minimized,and the effect of liquid sloshing on the tank is reduced.The C-type baffle(with a baffle area ratio of 0.25)was found to be the most effective in suppressing liquid sloshing.It is recommended to prioritize the use of C-type baffles in practical applications or to maintain a 0.15-0.5 baffle area ratio to effectively reduce the impact of liquid sloshing.

关 键 词：危化品罐车 制动冲击 防波板 ANSYS仿真 

分 类 号：O359.1[理学—流体力学] TP391.9[理学—力学]