聚酰亚胺基碳泡沫的制备及其隔热性能研究  

Preparation and thermal insulation properties of polyimide-based carbon foam

作　　者：张振江 郝梦圆 张永刚[2] 钱鑫[2] 张瑾[1] Zhang Zhenjiang;Hao Mengyuan;Zhang Yonggang;Qian Xin;Zhang Jin(School of Materials and Energy,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500;Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ningbo 315201)

机构地区：[1]云南大学材料与能源学院,昆明650500 [2]中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所,宁波315201

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2025年第4期57-62,共6页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发计划(2021C01004);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2023M733598)。

摘　　要：以聚酯铵盐粉末为原料,采用粉末发泡法制备聚酰亚胺泡沫(PIF),对其进行高温碳化处理得到聚酰亚胺基碳泡沫(CPIF)。利用热重-红外联用仪、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、共聚焦拉曼光谱仪、X射线衍射仪以及X射线光电子能谱仪等研究了聚酰亚胺碳化过程中的微观结构演变,并使用同步热分析仪和激光热导仪分析了CPIF的热稳定性和隔热性能。结果表明,CPIF在1000℃以内的质量损失均小于10%,热稳定性优于PIF,且碳化温度越高,热稳定性越好;碳化温度为900℃和1400℃时制备的CPIF热导率均小于0.15W/(m·K),表明材料具有良好的隔热效果。Using polyester ammonium salt powder as raw material to prepare polyimide foam(PIF)by powder foaming method,and a polyimide-based carbon foam(CPIF)was prepared by high-temperature carbonization treatment.The microstructural evolution of polyimide during carbonization was investigated using thermogravimetric infrared spectrometer(TG-IR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),Raman spectroscopy,XRD,and XPS.The thermal stability and thermal insulation of the CPIF were analyzed by using simultaneous thermal analyzer and laser thermal conductivity meter.The results showed that the mass loss of the CPIF was less than 10%below 1000℃,the thermal stability was better than that of the PIF,and the higher the carbonization temperature,the better the thermal stability.The thermal conductivities of the CPIFs prepared at carbonization temperatures 900℃ and 1400℃ were less than 0.15W/(m·K),demonstrating excellent thermal insulation effect.

关 键 词：聚酰亚胺 碳化 碳泡沫 热稳定性 隔热性能 

分 类 号：TQ328[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业] TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB35