粉煤灰配施下人造土壤性质特征及苋菜生长影响因素研究  

Study on Characteristics of Artificial Soil and Influencing Factors of Growth of Amaranth under Fly Ash Combined Application

作　　者：潘国林[1] 胡含秀 汤关清 张世文[2] PAN Guo-lin;HU Han-xiu;TANG Guan-qing;ZHANG Shi-wen(Anhui Provincial Public Welfare Geological Survey Management Center,Hefei,230092,Anhui;School of Earth and Environment,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan,232001,Anhui)

机构地区：[1]安徽省公益性地质调查管理中心,安徽合肥230092 [2]安徽理工大学地球与环境学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《蚌埠学院学报》2025年第2期10-18,共9页Journal of Bengbu University

基　　金：安徽省自然资源科技项目(2023-K-6)。

摘　　要：为提升采煤沉陷重构复垦地耕层肥力,探究粉煤灰混制人造土壤回覆挖深垫浅模式下矿区复垦地对耕层土壤团聚体结构、机械组成、养分含量及植物生长性状的影响。试验选取淮北海孜煤矿复垦地作为研究区域,开展矿区复垦地肥力提升室内恒温盆栽实验及田间小区试验。结果表明,恒温条件下粉煤灰与土壤配比为1∶1时,土壤粗大型团聚体提升幅度最大,达66.14%;自然条件下粉煤灰与土壤配比为1∶2时,土壤粗大型团聚体提升幅度最大,达12.97%;随着粉煤灰添加量增加,土壤黏粒含量降低,粉粒含量下降,改善复垦土壤通气性和透水性;恒温条件下粉煤灰与土壤配比为1∶1时,土壤有机质含量提升效果最佳,增幅为38.84%;粉煤灰与土壤配比为1∶2时,土壤全氮含量和土壤有效磷含量提升作用最佳。由此得出,粉煤灰与土壤配比为1∶2的人造土壤对土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷含量提升效果最佳,配比越接近1∶1,人造土壤对土壤粗大型团聚体比例、土壤养分含量及苋菜生长性状的综合提升作用越大;粉煤灰配施下人造土壤回覆复垦地,能够改良重构土壤结构,提升土壤肥力,为植物生长提供良好的基质环境。In order to improve the fertility of the surface layer of the reconstructed reclamation land in coal mining subsidence,the effects of the reclaimed land in mining area on the aggregate structure,mechanical composition,nutrient content and plant growth characteristics of the surface layer soil under the deep and shallow digging mode of fly ash mixed artificial soil were investigated.The experiment selected the reclamation land of Haizi Coal mine in Huaibei as the research area,and used fly ash and soil as the substrate to carry out different proportions,and applied calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer,sheep manure organic fertilizer,etc.,to carry out indoor constant temperature pot experiment and field plot experiment on improving fertility of reclamation land in mining area.The results showed that under constant temperature condition,when the ratio of fly ash to soil is 1∶1,the increase of coarse and large soil aggregates is the largest,reaching 66.14%.Under natural conditions,when the ratio of fly ash to soil is 1∶2,the increase of coarse and large soil aggregates is the largest,reaching 12.97%.With the increase of fly ash addition,soil clay content and silt content decreased gradually,which was helpful to improve the aeration and water permeability of reclaimed soil and provide a good substrate environment for plant growth.Under constant temperature condition,the ratio of fly ash to soil 1∶1 has the best effect on the increase of soil organic matter content,which increases by 38.84%.When the ratio of fly ash to soil is 1∶2,the soil total nitrogen content and soil available phosphorus content have the best enhancement effect.The results showed that the artificial soil with fly ash can improve the aggregate structure of soil,improve the aeration and water permeability of reclaimed soil,and provide a good substrate environment for plant growth.When the ratio of fly ash to soil is 1∶2,the content of soil organic matter,total nitrogen and available phosphorus is the best.The closer the ratio is to 1∶1,

关 键 词：粉煤灰 人造土壤 挖深垫浅 土壤肥力 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S636.4[农业科学—蔬菜学]