行为改变轮理论的出院计划对中青年冠心病患者自我管理能力的改善效果  

Improvement eff ect of discharge planning with behaviour change wheel theory on self-management ability of young and middle-aged coronary heart disease patients

作　　者：张凌[1] 张秋平[1] 沙春亚 徐志英 计雪艳 ZHANG Ling;ZHANG Qiuping;SHA Chunya;XU Zhiying;JI Xueyan(Changshu Second People's Hospital,Changshu 215500,China)

机构地区：[1]常熟市第二人民医院,江苏省常熟市215500

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2025年第4期539-545,共7页Nursing Practice and Research

基　　金：常熟市卫生健康委员会指导性科技计划项目(编号:CSWSZD202204);常熟市护理学会科技计划项目(编号:CSHL-A-202202)。

摘　　要：目的探讨基于行为改变轮理论(BCW)的出院计划对中青年冠心病患者自我管理能力的改善效果。方法选取江苏省常熟市第二人民医院2022年2月—2024年1月152例中青年冠心病患者为研究对象,按照组间基本特征具有可比性的原则分为对照组与观察组各76例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组则在对照组基础上接受基于BCW理论的出院计划干预。研究对比两组患者在出院准备度、自我管理能力、生活质量及非计划性再入院率方面的差异。结果实施基于BCW理论的出院计划干预后,观察组患者的出院准备度的各维度得分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的自我管理能力评分与生活质量评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的1个月非计划性再入院率、急诊就诊率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于BCW理论的出院计划在改善中青年冠心病患者的出院准备度、提高其自我管理能力和生活质量以及降低患者1个月内的非计划性再入院率和急诊就诊率等方面表现出明显优势,提示结合BCW理论进行个体化出院计划干预,有助于促进冠心病患者的长期康复管理。Objective To explore the improvement eff ect of discharge planning based on the behaviour change wheel(BCW)theory on the self-management ability of young and middle-aged coronary heart disease patients.Methods To select 152 young and middle-aged patients with coronary heart disease from the Second People's Hospital of Jiangsu Changshu as the study subjects,to divided into 76 cases each in the control group and the observation group according to the principle that the basic characteristics of the groups were comparable.The control group implemented conventional nursing,the observation group received BCW theory-based discharge planning intervention on the basis of the control group.The diff erences in discharge readiness,self-management ability,quality of life and unplanned readmission rate between the two groups were compared.Results After the BCW theory-based discharge planning intervention was implemented,the discharge readiness scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),the self-management ability scores and quality of life scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,and the diff erence was statistically signifi cant(P<0.05),the unplanned readmission rate and the rate of emergency room visits of the observation group were lower than that of the control group,and the diff erence was statistically signifi cant(P<0.05),the unplanned readmission rate and the emergency room visit rate of the observation group were lower than that of the control group,the diff erence was statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).Conclusion Discharge planning based on BCW theory performed obvious advantages in improving the discharge readiness of young and middle-aged patients with coronary artery disease,improving their selfmanagement ability and quality of life,as well as decrease the unplanned readmission rate and emergency room visit rate within 1 month,suggesting that individualised discharge planning intervention co

关 键 词：行为改变轮理论 冠心病 出院准备度 自我管理能力 非计划性再入院率 

分 类 号：R473.54[医药卫生—护理学]