质子型四氮唑离子液体作为水基润滑添加剂的摩擦学性能研究  

Tribological Behaviors of Tetrazole Based Protic Ionic Liquids as Additives in Water

作　　者：邱吉霞 马嘉华 白梓静 师伟 高鹏 王雨萌 邓芙蓉 凡明锦 QIU Jixia;MA Jiahua;BAI Zijing;SHI Wei;GAO Peng;WANG Yumeng;DENG Furong;FAN Mingjin(Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Phytochemistry,College of Chemical Engineering,Baoji University of Arts and Sciences,Shaanxi Baoji 721000,China;School of Materials and Chemical Engineering,Xi'an University of Technology,Shaanxi Xi'an 710000,China;School of Chemical Biology and Environment,Yuxi Normal University,Yunnan Yuxi 653100,China)

机构地区：[1]宝鸡文理学院化学化工学院陕西省植物化学重点实验室,陕西宝鸡721000 [2]西安工业大学材料与化学工程学院,陕西西安710000 [3]玉溪师范学院化学生物与环境学院,云南玉溪653100

出　　处：《摩擦学学报(中英文)》2025年第2期265-275,共11页Tribology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52175156);云南省地方本科院校联合专项(2018FH001-020);云南科技厅基础研究项目(202201AT070246);陕西省自然科学基金项目(2024JC-YBMS-120)资助.

摘　　要：以取代四唑及乙醇胺化合物为原料,通过简单的中和反应合成了6种质子型四唑基离子液体,研究了其作为水基润滑添加剂的摩擦学性能,并对摩擦学机理进行了探讨.采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)对四唑基离子液体的结构进行了确认,并发现其在水中均具有良好的溶解性且不具有腐蚀性.利用微振动摩擦磨损试验机(SRV-V)和三维轮廓仪研究了不同四唑基离子液体水润滑体系的摩擦学性能.结果表明:四唑基离子液体能有效提升纯水的摩擦学表现,特别是加入质量分数为2.0%的5-苄基四唑-N-丁基二乙醇胺(BTBE_(2))离子液体时,可以使摩擦系数降低约66%,磨损体积降低约85%,并且极限承载能力也可以得到提升.进一步通过接触角测试、石英晶体微天平测试、电化学测试、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线能谱仪(EDS)与X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)等手段系统研究了摩擦膜的状态、形貌和元素组成.研究发现,四唑基离子液体独特的富杂原子和质子型结构,有助于添加剂分子在钢/钢摩擦副表面形成了致密的物理吸附膜,且能发生摩擦化学反应构建含有铁氧化物的化学反应膜,从而有效提升纯水的摩擦学性能.Six examples of protic tetrazole based ionic liquids were synthesized by a simple neutralization reaction from substituted tetrazoles and ethanolamine compounds.The tribological performances and mechanism were further investigated when these tetrazole based ionic liquids were employed as additives in water.The structures of the synthesized ionic liquids were confirmed by FTIR.Furthermore,it was found that the tetrazole based ionic liquids had good solubility in water and were noncorrosive.The tribological behaviors of the tetrazole based ionic liquid additives were tested by amicro-vibration friction and wear testing machine(SRV-V)and three-dimensional profilometer.The results demonstrated that the average friction coefficient was about 0.15 and the wear volumes lied below 6×10^(−4)mm^(3),indicating the tetrazole based ionic liquid additives can effectively improve the tribological performances of pure water.In particular,the friction coefficient was reduced by about 66%and the wear volume decreased by about 85%when 2.0%of 5-benzyltetrazole-N-butyldiethanolamineionic liquid(BTBE_(2))was subjected in water.Additionally,these tetrazole based ionic liquids also greatly increased the extreme pressure property of water.Due to the presence of rigid phenyl ring and heteroatomic elements in the structure,especially the sulfur element in PTTBE_(2),the seizure load was up to 750 N.The formation of physical adsorption film on the friction interface was further investigated by means of contact angle(CA)and quartz crystal microbalance(QCM).The CAs produced by the lubricant system containing tetrazole based ionic liquids were about 60°in comparison to 80°of water,indicating that a thicker physical absorbed film was generated.The ECR values of lubricant system adding BTBE_(2)and PTBE_(2)were relatively high,demonstrating that a strong covalent-binding effect existed between the surfaces of steel friction pairs.As a result,the tribochemical reactions occurred and a useful tribochemical film formed on the contact surface.Mor

关 键 词：水基润滑 质子型离子液体 四氮唑 三乙醇胺 摩擦膜 

分 类 号：TH117.2[机械工程—机械设计及理论]