数据向大数据转变中的劳动形式变化  

The Transformation of Forms of Labour in the Transition from Data to Big Data

作　　者：蔡万焕[1] 乔成治 Cai Wanhuan;Qiao Chengzhi

机构地区：[1]清华大学 [2]清华大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《山东社会科学》2025年第2期39-48,F0002,共11页Shandong Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“马克思主义视域下的数字经济发展趋势和规律研究”(项目编号:22BKS012)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在数字经济时代,数据成为重要的生产要素,是数字经济社会发展的基础。以大数据、人工智能为代表的数字技术使劳动形式发生数字化、智能化转变,打破了以往信息、商品和资本流通的空间和时间限制。但是,大数据在资本主义生产方式下并没有凭借其自动化、智能化而“解放”劳动者。所谓的“数字劳动”虽然改变了人类劳动的表现形式,但没有代替人类活劳动,也没有改变资本剥削活劳动的实质。数据向大数据的转变需要大量人类活劳动的参与,这一过程是由私人劳动与社会劳动之间的矛盾推动的。数据是私人劳动的结果,而大数据是私人劳动被社会承认而成为社会劳动的产物。资本主义生产方式掩盖了数字劳动的私人劳动属性,尽管这维护了数字资本主义的运转,但也不断激化了资本主义的基本矛盾。In the era of the digital economy,data has become a key production factor and is the foundation for the development of the digital economy and society.Digital technologies represented by big data and arti-ficial intelligence have led to a digital and intelligent transformation of labour forms.Big data has broken the previous limitations of space and time,bringing about the"liberation"of the flow of information,goods,and even capital.However,under the capitalist mode of production,big data has not"liberated"workers through its automation and intelligence.Although"digital labour"has altered the form of human labour,it has not replaced human labour itself,nor has it changed the essence of capitalist exploitation of labour.The process of transforming data into big data requires a large amount of human labour.This process is driven by the contradiction between private labour and social labour.The generation of data is the result of private la-bour,while the generation of big data is the process in which private labour is recognized as social labour.However,the capitalist mode of production obscures the intrinsic attribute of digital labour as private labour.Although this concealment maintains the operation of digital capitalism,it continually intensifies the funda-mental contradictions of capitalism.

关 键 词：大数据 数字劳动 资本主义 私人劳动 社会劳动 

分 类 号：F033[经济管理—政治经济学] F035.1