价格政策在推动我国能源绿色低碳转型中的应用、局限与改进建议  

Applications,Limitations,and Suggestions of Price Policies in Promoting China's Green and Low-Carbon Energy Transition

作　　者：杨迎春 杨斯媛 YANG Yingchun;YANG Siyuan(School of Economics and Management,Shanghai University of Electric Power,Shanghai 201306)

机构地区：[1]上海电力大学经济与管理学院,上海201306

出　　处：《经济纵横》2025年第3期87-96,共10页Economic Review Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“城市化进程中食品系统的能源和环境影响——基于需求侧的‘碳中和’政策研究”(编号:72174113)的成果。

摘　　要：推动我国能源绿色低碳转型是应对气候变化、保障能源安全的根本路径,也是践行绿色发展理念、促进经济社会可持续发展的必然要求。价格政策作为重要的调控手段,在推动我国能源绿色低碳转型过程中发挥了重要作用。鉴于能源转型问题的复杂性和价格政策影响的系统性,现阶段我国一系列价格政策在应用中由于政策连带效应风险、政策系统复杂、政策机制不完善等问题导致未能充分实现政策效果。为此,急需健全价格政策,更有效地推进能源绿色低碳转型。我国可通过实施多层级能源价格机制,设立化石能源支持基金以完善化石能源价格机制;通过调整价格补贴形式和结构,建立补贴效果评估与监督机制,发展新能源配套金融支持工具,协同优化新能源补贴政策;探索电力价格机制的智能化改革路径,并进一步完善绿色证书价格交易机制,优化电力价格机制的调节效能;推动碳价格市场化发展,优化碳价格调控体系以完善碳市场价格机制,协同推进能源绿色低碳转型。Promoting China's green and low-carbon energy transition is the fundamental path to respond to climate change and ensure energy security,and it is an inevitable requirement for practicing green development and promoting sustainable economic and social development.Price policies,as an important regulatory tool,play a key role in promoting China's green and low-carbon energy transition.In view of the complexity of energy transition and the systemic impact of price policies,China's price policies have not achieved satisfactory regulatory effects due to risks of policy spillover effects,complex policy systems,and unsound policy mechanisms.Therefore,it is urgent to improve price policies to promote the green and low-carbon energy transition more efficiently.China can improve the fossil energy pricing mechanism by implementing a multi-level energy pricing mechanism and establishing a fossil energy support fund.By adjusting the form and structure of subsidies,establishing a mechanism for evaluating and supervising subsidy effects,and developing financial support tools for new energy,China can optimize new energy subsidy policies in a coordinated manner.In addition,China should explore the intelligent reform path of the electricity price mechanism and improve the green certificate price trading mechanism to optimize the regulatory efficiency of the electricity price mechanism.Finally,China should promote the market-oriented development of carbon prices and optimize the carbon price regulation system to improve the carbon market pricing mechanism and promote the green and low-carbon energy transition.

关 键 词：能源转型 价格政策 绿色转型 绿色发展 

分 类 号：F426.2[经济管理—产业经济]