淞沪会战前后在沪西侨的经历与心态——以贝铁德《上海纪事》为中心  

The Experiences and Mentalities of Western Expatriates in Shanghai around the Battle of Shanghai:A Study Centered on Clifford W.Petitt's“Shanghai Note”

作　　者：徐炳三 Xu Bingsan

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学中国近代史研究所

出　　处：《抗日战争研究》2025年第1期95-110,M0004,共17页Studies of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“国家治理视域下美国基督教会援华活动研究(1937—1945)”(22JJD770031)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：作为八一三淞沪会战的亲历者,美国人贝铁德以日记体传阅信的形式,勾画了近三个月的战争场面,展现了在沪西侨群体的艰难处境、心路历程和应对行动,以第三方视角揭示了战争的多重面向,在一定程度上印证、补充和传播了淞沪会战史实。这份名为《上海纪事》的文献猛烈抨击日军狂轰滥炸的侵略暴行,深刻揭露日本混淆是非的无耻谰言,高度称赞中国军民不屈不挠的斗争精神,彰显出在沪西侨群体的公义立场。面对严峻的战争环境,西侨群体在采取各种手段自救的同时,还与中国民众联合开展难民救助工作,其国际主义精神值得称道。同时,西侨在促使欧美政府摆脱孤立政策、建立世界反法西斯共同体过程中扮演的角色亦值得关注。As a witness to the Battle of Shanghai,Clifford W.Petitt outlined this battle in the form of a circular letter.Thisd ocument,titled“Shanghai Notes,”illustrates the difficult situation,mental journey,and proactive measures taken by the Western expatriates in Shanghai.It reveals the multiple aspects of the war from a third-party perspective,corroborating,supplementing,and disseminating the historical facts of the Battle of Shanghai.Petitt strongly condemned the Japanese military's indiscriminate bombing and brutal aggression,profoundly exposed the Japanese lies that distorted the truth,highly praised the fighting spirit of the Chinese military and civilians,and demonstrated the justice stance of the Western expatriates in Shanghai.Despite the severe war conditions,the Western expatriates not only focused on self-preservation but also collaborated with the Chinese people to aid refugees,showing a commendable spirit of internationalism.Moreover,the role of the Western expatriates in prompting the US and European governments to abandon their isolationist policies and establish a global Anti-Fascist Community deserves further attention.

关 键 词：淞沪会战 贝铁德 《上海纪事》 在沪西侨 战争经历 

分 类 号：K265.6[历史地理—历史学]