1933年国民政府对日绝交争论  

The Debate on the Severance of Diplomatic Relations with Japan by the Nationalist Government in 1933

作　　者：常国栋 Chang Guodong

机构地区：[1]南京邮电大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《抗日战争研究》2025年第1期124-137,M0004,共15页Studies of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“国际联盟有关中日系列冲突的史料整理与研究(1928—1939)”(24AZS017)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：随着1932年10月《国联调查团报告书》的公开发表,中日双方的较量进入新阶段。国民政府希望推动国联发挥效力,以遏制日本侵略。日本于1933年初进攻山海关并向长城沿线压迫,意图以武力威逼中国与其单独谈判。热河沦陷后,国民政府内部在对日策略上出现分歧。中国驻国联代表团希望政府对日绝交并积极抵抗,以形成实施《国际联盟盟约》第16条的必要条件,从而制裁日本。以蒋介石、汪精卫为首的军政要员在得不到列强保证的前提下,担心绝交后的军事压力。长城抗战期间,双方围绕各自立场反复争论,在蒋、汪等人对日妥协的思维下,对日绝交的设想暂时搁置。With the public release of The Report of the Commission of Enquiry in October 1932,the confrontation between Chinaa nd Japan entered a new phase.The Nationalist Government sought to leverage the League of Nations to curb Japanese aggression.In early 1933,Japan attacked Shanhaiguan and pressed toward the Great Wall line,aiming to coerce China into direct negotiations through military intimidation.After the fall of Rehe,internal divisions emerged within the Nationalist Government over strategies toward Japan.The Chinese delegation to the League of Nations advocated severing diplomatic relations with Japan and pursuing active resistance to create the necessary conditions for invoking Article 16 of The Covenanto f the League of Nations,thereby imposing sanctions on Japan.However,key military and political figures,including Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei,rejected the idea of severing ties in the absence of guarantees from foreign powers,fearing the ensuing military pressure.During the Great Wall Resistance Campaign,debates over opposing stances persisted.Ultimately,under the conciliatory approach of Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei toward Japan,the proposal to sever diplomatic relations collapsed.

关 键 词：热河抗战 长城抗战 国民政府 中国驻国联代表团 

分 类 号：K264.5[历史地理—历史学]