论我国涉外民商事管辖权“其他适当联系”条款的适用  

Application of the “Other Appropriate Connections” Clause in China’s New Law on Foreign-Related Civil and Commercial Jurisdiction

作　　者：张美榕 Zhang Meirong

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学法学院

出　　处：《环球法律评论》2025年第2期183-199,共17页Global Law Review

基　　金：2022年度国家社会科学基金一般项目“粤港澳大湾区区际法律冲突问题研究”(22BFX148)的研究成果。

摘　　要：2023年《民事诉讼法》新增的“其他适当联系”条款以追求和平衡涉外民商事管辖权核心价值为法理基础,兼顾程序正义与实质正义,是对传统管辖权理论的继承与发展。该条款具有保护性、谦抑性与司法合理裁量性三重属性。其适用应遵循严格的顺位规则,即只有在无其他管辖依据的情形下,法院方可考虑适用“其他适当联系”条款。为准确理解和适用该条款,有必要通过文义解释、体系解释和目的解释等方法,对其“联系”和“适当”等核心概念的内涵进行深入阐释。“其他适当联系”的认定需兼采客观标准(联系的适当性)和主观标准(管辖的适当性)。我国有必要对“适当联系”的客观标准进行类型化分析,将其区分为基础性适当联系、扩张性适当联系和限制性适当联系,考察案件与我国之间是否存在实质、合理联系。主观标准则要求法院综合考虑当事人、法院自身因素及国际利益协调等多层面因素,判断我国法院是否为“适当法院”。同时,我国应辅之以完善的程序性保障,以确保该条款适用的公正性和合理性。The new “other appropriate connection” clause in Article 276 of the 2023 Civil Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China, is founded upon the pursuit and balancing of core values in foreign-related civil and commercial jurisdiction, covering both procedural justice and substantive justice while succeeding and developing traditional theories of jurisdiction. The clause has triple attributes: limited protectiveness towards national interests, a restraint function to constrain jurisdictional expansion, and judicial discretion, i.e., case-by-case assessment within the dual constraints of “connection” and “appropriateness”. In its application, a strict order of priority must be adhered to, i.e., the court may consider the application of the “other appropriate connections” clause only when there are no other grounds for jurisdiction. Accurate interpretation of this clause requires in-depth analysis of core concepts using literal, systemic and teleological methods. The determination of “other appropriate connections” requires the adoption of both objective and subjective criteria. The objective criterion focuses on the “appropriateness of the connection”, examining whether there is a substantial and reasonable connection between the case and China. A distinction should be made among three approaches: fundamental application(established connecting factors), expansive application(exceptional cases involving vital national interests), and restrictive application(precluding inappropriate jurisdiction). These three approaches complement each other and form an integrated whole. The subjective criterion focuses on the “appropriateness of jurisdiction”, requiring courts to comprehensively consider factors related to the parties, the court, and the international community to determine whether a Chinese court is the “appropriate forum”(forum conveniens). China needs to categorize the objective criteria of “appropriate connections”. Based on the aforementioned interpretive approaches and d

关 键 词：涉外民商事管辖 适当联系 适当法院 程序正义 

分 类 号：D997.3[政治法律—国际法学]