道德角力:一个理解合作社发展的内部视角  

Moral Grappling: An Internal Perspective on the Development Dilemma of Cooperatives

作　　者：阿妮尔 Anier

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学社会学院

出　　处：《社会发展研究》2025年第1期124-144,M0005,M0006,共23页Journal of Social Development

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“草场承包制改革下的新型游牧形式研究”(项目编号:21CSH079,主持人:阿妮尔)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：作为自由市场脱嵌所引发的“双重倾向”的产物,合作社的发展困境在一定程度上是“道德角力”的结果。文章以一个“受挫”的合作社为个案,研究发现,一方面,合作社力求确保成员的个体利益,这往往会与地方社会中的道德经济产生冲突。在传统社会关系仍发挥作用的社区中,合作社成员的个人化倾向消解了以往的互惠行为,增强了成员们的“不公平感”。另一方面,合作社的顺利运行需要基于个体间的联合和协作。因而当合作社缺乏解决个体与集体之间道德张力的相应方案时,成员间的合作通常会走向分裂。因此,合作社的发展需进一步引入自洽的治理思想和结构,充分调动社区组织和社区成员发挥治理功用。This paper takes a“frustrated”cooperative as a case study and examines the internal issues that have been overlooked in discussions regarding the hindered development of cooperatives.Cooperatives,as products of the“double movement”triggered by the disembedding of the free market,face significant development challenges,which can be understood to some extent as the result of “moral grappling.”On the one hand,cooperatives aim to safeguard the individual interests of their members,which often conflicts with the moral economy in local communities. In communities where traditional social relations remain influential,the individualistic tendencies of cooperative members undermine past reciprocal behaviors,heightening members' “sense of unfairness. ”On the other hand,the effective operation of cooperatives necessitates collaboration and collective effort among members. Therefore,when a cooperative lacks solutions to address the moral tensions between the individual and the collective,cooperation among members tends to fracture. Consequently,the development of cooperatives must incorporate self-consistent governance ideas and structures that enable greater community selforganization and self-governance.

关 键 词：合作社 道德角力 双重倾向 道德经济 

分 类 号：F321.42[经济管理—产业经济]