大模型的专业学习:构建融入城市空间形态设计知识的图像生成模型  

Domain-specific Learning for Large Models:Integrating Urban Spatial Form Design Knowledge into Image Generation Model

作　　者：钮心毅[1] 刘思涵[2] 桑田 顾睿星 吴雪菲 王桨 NIU Xinyi;LIU Sihan;SANG Tian;GU Ruixing;WU Xuefei;WANG Jiang

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院、自然资源部国土空间智能规划技术重点实验室 [2]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《城市规划学刊》2025年第1期55-63,共9页Urban Planning Forum

摘　　要：在通用大模型基础上构建专业大模型,其难点在于将专业领域知识融入通用大模型。城市空间形态设计中存在大量隐性知识,而城市规划的公共政策属性决定了这类隐性知识必须向公众高效传递。利用大模型独特的学习和传递隐性知识的能力,提出以大模型专业学习方式将城市空间形态设计知识融入通用图像生成模型的技术框架。通过以设计导向为核心,梳理空间形态设计中的隐性知识和显性知识,指导大模型专业学习,以大模型微调实现城市空间形态设计知识融入通用图像生成模型。以社区公共空间更新为例,构建融入城市空间形态设计知识的专业大模型。案例应用表明专业大模型能够起到高效传递隐性知识的关键作用,提升社区更新中沟通交流效率,有效支持参与式设计。The primary challenge in developing a domain-specific large model based on a general large model lies in effectively integrating domain-specific knowledge into the general large model.There is a significant amount of tacit knowledge in urban spatial form design,and the public policy nature of urban planning necessitates the efficient communication of tacit knowledge to the public.Leveraging the unique ability of large model to learn and transfer tacit knowledge,this paper proposes a technical framework for integrating urban spatial form design knowledge into general image generation models through domain-specific learning.Tacit and explicit knowledge in spatial form design with design orientation constitutes the core components to guide the domain-specific learning of large models.The integration of urban spatial form design knowledge into a general image generation model is accomplished through the application of large model fine-tuning techniques.Using community public space renewal as a case study,a domain-specific large model incorporating the knowledge of urban spatial form design is constructed.The case shows that the domain-specific large model plays a crucial role in effectively transferring tacit knowledge,enhancing communication efficiency in community renewal,and supporting participatory design processes.

关 键 词：规划专业大模型 空间形态设计知识 隐性知识 图像生成模型 大模型微调 社区公共空间更新 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]