结核病聚集疫情中结核潜伏感染者的预防性服药依从性调查  

Investigation on the Adherence of Preventive Medication Among Latent Tuberculosis Infection(LTBI)Cases in a Cluster Outbreak

作　　者：王玲 丁佳慧 荣岩 吴塔娜 WANG Ling;DING Jia-Hui;RONG Yan;WU Ta-Na(Hohhot International Travel Health Care Center(Hohhot Customs Port Clinic),Hohhot 010010;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Academy of Preventive Medicine Sciences),Hohhot 010080)

机构地区：[1]呼和浩特国际旅行卫生保健中心(呼和浩特海关口岸门诊部),呼和浩特010010 [2]内蒙古自治区疾病预防控制中心(内蒙古自治区预防医学科学院),呼和浩特010080

出　　处：《中国口岸科学技术》2025年第3期13-18,共6页China Port Science and Technology

基　　金：内蒙古自治区卫生健康委医疗卫生科技计划(202202117)。

摘　　要：为探究学校发生结核病聚集性疫情时结核潜伏感染者开展预防性治疗服药依从性的情况,收集内蒙古某学校发生结核病聚集性疫情后结核潜伏感染者开展预防性服药人群的一般人口学资料、服药记录及不良反应等信息,根据服药情况将调查对象划分为规范服药组和未规范服药组,比较两组在不同月份服药的服药率差异,以及影响服药依从性的因素。本研究共调查179例对象,其中,规范服药120例,规范服药率为67.04%;未规范服药59例,中断服药的主要原因依次为拒绝继续服药(27例,占45.76%)、假期因交通不便未能取药(19例,占32.20%)、不良反应(12例,占20.34%)。未规范服药主要发生在服药后的第3个月(40例,占67.80%),且随着服药月份的增加,规范服药率呈逐渐下降趋势。研究结果表明,该校发生结核病聚集性疫情后,在教育和卫生健康行政部门的要求和指导下,依据《中国学校结核病防控指南(2020年版)》迅速开展应急处置及干预措施是可行且必要的。但预防性治疗期间管理者的变化、假期交通不便导致无法取药、出现不适反应未及时评估等情况,均在一定程度上影响了服药依从性,导致不规律服药现象的产生。In order to explore the compliance of preventive treatment for latent tuberculosis infection(LTBI)in a tuberculosis cluster epidemic in a school,the general demographic data,medication records and adverse reactions of LTBI patients receiving preventive treatment following a tuberculosis cluster epidemic in a school in Inner Mongolia were collected.Subjects were divided into standardized and non-standardized medication groups based on their medication adherence.We compared the medication adherence rates between the two groups across different months and identified factors influencing adherence.A total of 179 cases were investigated,with 120(67.04%)achieving standardized medication adherence.The primary reasons for 59 non-adherence cases were refusal to continue medication(27 cases,45.76%),inability to obtain medication due to transportation difficulties during holidays(19cases,32.20%),and adverse reactions(12 cases,20.34%).Non-standardized medication use was most common in the third month of treatment(40 cases,67.80%),and adherence rates decreased progressively with increasing treatment duration.Our study concluded that it is feasible and necessary to implement emergency response and intervention measures in accordance with the Guidelines for Tuberculosis Prevention and Control in Chinese Schools(2020 Edition)under the guidance of education and health authorities.However,changes in management personnel,transportation barriers during holidays,and unassessed adverse reactions significantly impacted medication adherence,leading to the irregular medication.

关 键 词：结核病 结核潜伏感染 规范服药 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学]