17种印度尼西亚进境观赏鱼COⅠ基因条形码研究与应用  

Research on COⅠGene Barcoding of 17 Indonesian Imported Ornamental Fish Species and Its Application

作　　者：万超 李成镛 王翛 孙芳芳 杨爱馥 陆冠亚 耿庆华 蒲静 WAN Chao;LI Cheng-Yong;WANG Xiao;SUN Fang-Fang;YANG Ai-Fu;LU Guan-Ya;GENG Qing-Hua;PU Jing(Dalian Customs Technology Center,Dalian 116001;Shenyang Customs,Shenyang 110016;Nanjing Customs Animal and Plant and Food Testing Center,Nanjing 210001;China Customs Science and Technology Research Center,Beijing 100000)

机构地区：[1]大连海关,大连116001 [2]沈阳海关,沈阳110016 [3]南京海关动植物与食品检测中心,南京210001 [4]中国海关科学技术研究中心,北京100000

出　　处：《中国口岸科学技术》2025年第3期81-91,共11页China Port Science and Technology

基　　金：海关总署科研计划项目(2023HK044);大连海关科研项目(2023DK03,2023DK04);海科中心自立科研课题(2023HZ01)。

摘　　要：本研究应用通用引物测定了4目7科共17种常见的印度尼西亚进境观赏鱼COⅠ基因传统DNA条形码序列和COⅠ基因微型条形码序列,并应用MEGA软件对两套条形码序列进行同源性比较和系统发育分析。结果表明,COⅠ基因传统DNA条形码和微型条形码均可对小丑泥鳅、钻石红莲灯鱼、一眉道人鱼、鲁哈尼道金斯鲃等观赏鱼进行准确鉴定;研究发现两者进化树差异不显著,表明可以利用COⅠ基因微型条形码序列代替COⅠ基因传统DNA条形码序列对进境观赏鱼进行鉴定。但对形态十分相似的慈鲷科观赏鱼,以及黑骨舌鱼和美丽硬仆骨舌鱼等同一个物种不同品系的观赏鱼,仅依靠COⅠ基因传统DNA条形码和微型条形码技术难以区分,下一步还需要研究进化速度更快的DNA基因条码。In this study,universal primers were used to determine the COⅠgene sequences of traditional DNA barcodes and microbarcodes for 17 common Indonesian imported ornamental fish species,representing 4 orders and 7 families.We Performed homology comparison and phylogenetic analysis on two sets of barcode sequences using MEGA.The results showed that both traditional DNA barcodes and microbarcodes of COⅠgenes could accurately identify ornamental fish species such as Botia macracanthus,Rasbora axlerodi,Denison barb,and Dawkinsia rohani.The phylogenetic trees constructed from these two barcode sequences showed no significant differences,suggesting that the COⅠgene microbarcode sequences could replace traditional DNA barcodes for the identification of imported ornamental fish.However,for species with highly similar morphologies,such as family Cichlidae,and different strains of the same species,such as Osteoglossum ferreirai and Scleropages formosus,accurate differentiation remains challenging using only COⅠgene barcodes.Further research on DNA barcodes with higher evolutionary rates is recommended.

关 键 词：DNA条形码 DNA微型条形码 观赏鱼 物种鉴定 COⅠ基因 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]