昼夜温度波动与亚致死浓度杀虫剂对荻草谷网蚜生活史性状和种群参数的影响  

The impact of diurnal temperature fluctuations and sublethal insecticide exposure on the life history traits and population parameters of the English grain aphid Sitobion miscanthi

作　　者：邢鲲 闫奕龙 韦娜 赵飞 Xing Kun;Yan Yilong;Wei Na;Zhao Fei(Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture,College of Plant Protection,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,Shanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学植物保护学院,农业有害生物综合治理山西省重点实验室,太原030031

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2025年第1期113-122,共10页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：山西省自然科学基金(202203021221168);国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1900705-2);山西省现代农业产业技术体系(2024CYJSTX03-29,2024CYJSTX01-19)。

摘　　要：为明确昼夜温度波动变化与亚致死浓度杀虫剂对荻草谷网蚜Sitobion miscanthi的生态学影响,于室内测定(22±6)℃和(22±12)℃不同变温幅度以及亚致死剂量LC_(10)的吡虫啉和高效氯氰菊酯对荻草谷网蚜寿命、繁殖与种群参数的影响。结果表明:在恒温22℃下,与对照相比,吡虫啉使荻草谷网蚜寿命显著缩短了1.15 d,繁殖力减少了8.28头,内禀增长率降低了0.069,净增殖率降低了0.136,世代周期降低了8.245;高效氯氰菊酯使荻草谷网蚜寿命显著缩短了0.27 d,繁殖力减少了1.78头,内禀增长率降低了0.050,净增殖率升高了0.282,世代周期降低了2.042。在对照处理下,与恒温22℃相比,变温幅度±6℃使荻草谷网蚜寿命延长了9.28 d,繁殖力增加了9.08头,内禀增长率降低了0.207,净增殖率升高了3.301,世代周期升高了10.686;变温幅度±12℃使荻草谷网蚜寿命缩短了1.50 d,繁殖力减少了18.74头,内禀增长率降低了0.148,净增殖率降低了2.132,世代周期降低了19.808。在变温幅度±6℃与±12℃下,与对照相比,吡虫啉使荻草谷网蚜寿命分别缩短了1.28 d和2.21 d,繁殖力分别减少了13.50头和1.75头,内禀增长率分别降低了0.124和0.078,世代周期分别降低了15.510和1.355;但是在变温幅度±12℃下,与对照相比,高效氯氰菊酯使荻草谷网蚜寿命延长了1.81 d,繁殖力增加了2.32头,内禀增长率升高了0.030,净增殖率升高了0.815,世代周期升高了2.675,且表现出显著的促进作用。表明温度波动幅度与杀虫剂温度属性对杀虫剂风险评估均是不能忽视的重要因素,并且明确两者之间的交互作用可以提高气候变化下杀虫剂风险评估的精准性。Understanding the ecological impacts of diurnal temperature fluctuations and sublethal insec‐ticide exposure on English grain aphid Sitobion miscanthi is crucial for refining pest management strate‐gies under climate change.In this study,we evaluated the effects of different temperature fluctuation amplitudes,(22±6)℃and(22±12)℃,along with sublethal doses(LC10)of imidacloprid(a temperaturepositive insecticide)and beta-cypermethrin(a temperature-negative insecticide),on the longevity,fecun‐dity,and population parameters of S.miscanthi under controlled conditions.The results showed that under a constant temperature of 22 ℃, compared with the control group, imidacloprid significantly re‐duced aphid longevity by 1.15 days, fecundity by 8.28 nymphs, intrinsic rate of increase by 0.069, net re‐productive rate by 0.136, and generation time by 8.245 days. Beta-cypermethrin led to a significant re‐duction in longevity by 0.27 days and fecundity by 1.78 nymphs, while decreasing the intrinsic rate ofincrease by 0.050. However, it increased the net reproductive rate by 0.282 and shortened the generationtime by 2.042 days. Under control conditions, compared with a constant temperature of 22 ℃, a temper‐ature fluctuation amplitude of ±6 ℃ increased aphid longevity by 9.28 days, fecundity by 9.08 nymphs,and net reproductive rate by 3.301, while decreasing the intrinsic rate of increase by 0.207 and extend‐ing the generation time by 10.686 days. In contrast, ±12 ℃ temperature fluctuation reduced longevityby 1.50 days, decreased fecundity by 18.74 nymphs, decreased the intrinsic rate of increase by 0.148, de‐creased the net reproductive rate by 2.132, and shortened the generation time by 19.808 days. The inter‐action between temperature fluctuations and insecticides revealed that at ±6 ℃ and ±12 ℃ fluctuations,imidacloprid reduced longevity by 1.28 and 2.21 days, respectively, decreased fecundity by 13.50 nymphsand 1.75 nymphs, reduced the intrinsic rate of increase by 0.124 and 0.078, and

关 键 词：荻草谷网蚜 昼夜温度 变幅温度 亚致死浓度 杀虫剂 生活史 

分 类 号：S433.39[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S433.4[农业科学—植物保护]